Beam-Oriented Digital Predistortion for 5G Massive MIMO Hybrid Beamforming Transmitters

Liu, Xin; Zhou, Qian; Chen, Wenhua; Feng, Haigang; Chen, Long; Ghannouchi, Fadhel M.; Feng, Zhenghe

doi:10.1109/tmtt.2018.2830772

Cited by 133 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Directive linearization schemes introduced in [6], [8], [12] are known to provide linearization in the beamforming angle. In [9], a method for widening the linearization angle is proposed and the concept is verified by experimental results. Hence, the linearization performance observed over the space depends significantly on the feedback strategy and hence the DPD method.…”

Section: Phased Array Linearization By Digital Predistortionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This has been proposed and used e.g. in [7], [8], [9] where the linearization object is build based on the single PA outputs by using the well-known array factor principle [25]. However, switchable feedback architecture makes the DPD training time consuming and the phase differences over the branches are challenging to model in different time instants by using limited sampling rates.…”

Section: Phased Array Linearization By Digital Predistortionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Digital Predistortion Concepts for Linearization of mmW Phased Array Transmitters

Tervo

Jokinen

Leinonen

et al. 2019

2019 16th International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS)

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Linearization of millimeter-wave (mmW) phased arrays is one of the key enablers for improving the system performance in terms of power, efficiency and linearity. However, phased array transceiver topologies that have multiple parallel nonlinear components with a shared digital input challenge the standard digital predistortion techniques. In addition, different analogue beamforming techniques complicate the linearization even further due to the fact that the signal nonlinearity has to be observed or modelled over-the-air (OTA) together with the impacts of antennas and even the directive mmW radio channel. The best linearization strategy depends on the system level targets of linearity such as error vector magnitude and adjacent channel power ratio which have slightly different nature when observed in the radiated far-field. In this paper, we present our view and the status of the literature on the topic of phased array digital predistortion. We highlight that the nonlinear distortion have a beam shape which may be different from the linear part of the beam. We also review the antenna array figures of merit describing the nonlinearity. Finally, we show an experimental example of OTA linearization of a 28 GHz phased array transmitter.

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Section: Phased Array Linearization By Digital Predistortionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Phased Array Linearization By Digital Predistortionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Predistortion Concepts for Linearization of mmW Phased Array Transmitters

Tervo

Jokinen

Leinonen

et al. 2019

2019 16th International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS)

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show abstract

“…Recently, several massive MIMO beamforming systems have been investigated for wireless communication systems [24][25][26], where the MIMO technique and beamforming technique are combined, and are used at both ends of wireless communication systems. The combined designs take full advantage of the two different techniques and can achieve wider transmitting bandwidth, faster data rate, higher antenna gain, and better signal coverage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Mimo Beamforming Antenna Array for Mobile Handsets

Li¹,

Geyi²

2019

PIER C

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A new design idea of MIMO beamforming antenna array for compact and thin handheld devices is investigated, where the beamforming function is used for transmitting and the MIMO function for receiving. The new design idea is illustrated by an antenna array consisting of eight printed planar inverted-F elements operating at GSM1900 (1880-1920 MHz) and LTE2300 (2300-2400 MHz). The 8element antenna array is printed on an FR4 substrate of dimensions 136 mm × 68.8 mm × 1 mm. By using the radiation pattern diversity, good isolations, envelope correlation coefficients and mean effective gains are achieved for MIMO receiving. To realize the beamforming function when the antenna is used for transmitting, an optimal feeding mechanism is introduced by the method of maximum power transmission efficiency, which is then implemented by a continuously adjustable feeding circuit board. With the optimized feeding mechanism, the gain of the antenna array in the desired direction can be significantly enhanced. The effects of the human body on the performance of antenna array are also examined, and the results indicate that the proposed design still exhibits good MIMO and beamforming performances in a practical scenario.

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“…A dedicated DPD unit per RF chain is considered, implying that there are as many predistorter blocks as antenna units, which may not be a desirable solution for large-array transmitters. DPD processing in single-user hybrid MIMO context was investigated in [8]- [12]. In [9], it is assumed that all the power amplifiers within the transmitter are identical, while in [10], the DPD solution was devised based on observing only one of the PAs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Predistortion in Large-Array Digital Beamforming Transmitters

Brihuega

Anttila

Abdelaziz

et al. 2018

2018 52nd Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers

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In this article, we propose a novel digital predistortion (DPD) solution that allows to considerably reduce the complexity resulting from linearizing a set of power amplifiers (PAs) in single-user large-scale digital beamforming transmitters. In contrast to current state-of-the art solutions that assume a dedicated DPD per power amplifier, which is unfeasible in the context of large antenna arrays, the proposed solution only requires a single DPD in order to linearize an arbitrary number of power amplifiers. To this end, the proposed DPD predistorts the signal at the input of the digital precoder based on minimizing the nonlinear distortion of the combined signal at the intended receiver direction. This is a desirable feature, since the resulting emissions in other directions get partially diluted due to less coherent superposition. With this approach, only a single DPD is required, yielding great complexity and energy savings.Index Terms-5G, digital predistortion, power amplifiers, digital beamforming, large-array transmitters, out-of-band emissions, power amplifiers.

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Beam-Oriented Digital Predistortion for 5G Massive MIMO Hybrid Beamforming Transmitters

Cited by 133 publications

References 34 publications

Digital Predistortion Concepts for Linearization of mmW Phased Array Transmitters

Digital Predistortion Concepts for Linearization of mmW Phased Array Transmitters

Design of Mimo Beamforming Antenna Array for Mobile Handsets

Digital Predistortion in Large-Array Digital Beamforming Transmitters

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