Bazı Pestisitlerin Faydalı Bakteriler ve Patojen Bakteriler Üzerine Bakterisidal Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi

Abstract

The damage of chemicals that are used for plant protection and plant nutrition products used in agriculture to human health and the environment is understood better day by day. However, a significant part of this damage occurs on the beneficial microbial fauna on the plant and in the soil described as a living system. After application, many pesticides eventually fall into the soil and kill many beneficial and harmful microorganisms or decrease their population. In this study; bactericidal effects of a total of 39 different pesticides against 7 different non-pathogenic bacterial isolates, 7 non-pathogenic different bacterial isolates (Brevibacillus brevis CP-1, Bacillus megaterium TV-6D, Bacillus subtilis TV-6F, Paenibacillus polymyxa TV-12E, Pseudomonas flourescens TV-11D, Pseudomonas fluorescens FDG-37 and Pantoea agglomerans RK-79) and 2 different pathogenic bacterial isolates (Erwinia amylovora RK-228 and Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae RK-268) were tested. Bactericidal tests were performed using the Petri Disc Diffusion Method and the recommended doses doses by manufacturer in the label information on each pesticide as the test dose were used. 4 of 15 different insecticides tested (26.66%), 8 of 14 different fungicides (57.14%), 5 of 7 different herbicides (71.42%) had bactericidal effects. No bactericidal effects of the remaining 2 different acaricides and 1 nematocide were observed. Of the 39 pesticides tested in total, 17 (43.58%) had bactericidal effects, and all of the bacteria affected by the pesticides were beneficial and the majority were Gram positive bacteria. Consequently, considering that beneficial bacteria play an important role in agriculture; in order to minimize this negative effect of used chemical pesticides on bacterial diversity, it is absolutely necessary to apply human and environmentally friendly control methods. In addition to all these applications, biopesticides should not be mixed with chemicals unless they are obliged to be used in agricultural areas.

Biology of the Nematus (=Croesus) septentrionalis (L., 1758) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) Making Damage to Betula pendula RothTree

“…Süs bitkilerinde ve orman ağaçlarında zararlı olan türler ile mücadelede en fazla kullanılan metot kimyasal mücadeledir. Ancak, kimyasal maddelerin insan, hayvan ve çevre sağlığı açısından dezavantajlarının olması, araştırmacıları zararlı ile mücadelede kimyasal yöntemlere alternatif olan çevre dostu metotları kullanmaya yöneltmiştir (Kuca ve Yağdı, 2020;Kotan ve Tozlu, 2021). Yapılan araştırmalara göre zararlı böcek popülasyonlarını EZE (ekonomik zarar eşiği) altında tutabilmek için özellikle biyolojik mücadele çalışmalarına büyük önem verildiği görülmektedir.…”

Determination of pesticide residue content in fruits and vegetables from Lagos, Nigeria

“…Pesticides, on the other hand, are xenobiotics; their frequent use during production leaves pesticide residues in crops after harvest; as a result, it is critical to effectively focus on monitoring and regulating their use from public health and environmental sustainability perspectives [ 3 ]. Day by day, more is understood about the harm that agricultural chemicals used for plant protection and nourishment do to the environment and to human health [ 4 ]. The primary problems are their toxic effects, which include the potential to harm prenatal development and the reproductive systems as well as to cause cancer and asthma [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Ayçiçeğinde Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) De Bary’ye Karşı Bazı Bakteriyel Antagonistlerin In vitro ve In vivo Etkinliklerinin Belirlenmesi

“…In Türkiye, although the use of commercial microbial fertilizers in agriculture using local bacterial isolates started, there are no commercial biopesticides yet. Biological control studies are becoming more and more important every day and This causes the studies on prevention to shift in this direction (Kotan, 2014;Kotan and Çelik, 2014;Güldoğan et al, 2022).…”