Bazı Aromatik Bitki Esansiyel Yağlarının Patojenik Balık Bakterilerine Karşı Antibakteriyel Aktivitesi

Abstract

Essential oils of twenty-four plant species were obtained by hydrodistillation and investigated for their antibacterial effects against seven fish pathogenic bacteria (Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas salmonicida, Vibrio anguillarum, Yersinia ruckeri, Enterococcus faecalis, Lactococcus garvieae and Streptococcus agalactiae). The antibacterial activity results of the essential oils obtained by disc diffussion method showed strong activities against all pathogens. In general, whole essential oils except Artemisia absinthium exhibited strong antibacterial effects against the most of the fish pathogens. However, the essential oil of A. absinthium showed weak antibacterial effect against only A. hydrophila. Mostly seven essential oils of the plants (T. spicata, T. vulgaris, L. nobilis, C. verum, H. plicatum and A. citriodora Paláu) among twenty-four essential oils exhibited good antibacterial activity against all fish pathogens. When compared to the tested antibiotics (furazolidon, oxytetracycline, cephalothin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole), the antibacterial effects of essential oils were mostly obtained equivalent or stronger. Considering the antibacterial activity results of the essential oils, their alternative use in lieu of antimicrobial agents against bacterial fish diseases might be convenient in the aquaculture.

Effect of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and Sage (Salvia officinalis) Essential Oils on Disease Resistance against Aeromonas sobria in Goldfish (Carassius auratus)

“…Rosemary and sage essential oils have been reported to be highly antimicrobial properties in numerous investigations and have also been shown to be inhibitory to pathogens (Teixeira et al, 2013). The antibacterial activity of rosemary and sage essential oils has been evaluated against major fish bacterial pathogens (Ekici et al, 2011;Mahmoodi et al, 2012;Ostrand et al, 2012;Roomiani et al, 2013;Yılmaz et al, 2013;Birinci Yıldırım and Türker, 2018). In this study, rosemary essential oil at concentration of 1000 µl ml -1 (20 mm inhibition zone) against A. sobria showed strong inhibitory effect (p<0.05).…”

Lactococcosis a Re-Emerging Disease in Aquaculture: Disease Significant and Phytotherapy

“…Using the same assay demonstrated that the essential oils of the flowers of lavender ( Lavandula angustifolia ), everlasting ( Helichrysum plicatum ), wormwood ( Artemisia absinthium ), leaves of pepper mint ( Mentha piperita ), sweet basil ( Ocimum basilicum ), wild marjoram ( Origanum majorana ), thyme ( Thymus vulgaris ), spiked thyme ( Thymbra spicata ), sage ( Salvia officinalis ), bay laurel ( Laurus nobilis ), lemon verbena ( Aloysia citriodora ), and seeds of black pepper ( Piper nigrum ) showed strong activity against L. garvieae strain provided by Dr. İlhan Altınok (Trabzon, Turkey), while the essential oils of flowers of French lavender ( Lavandula stoechas ), yarrow ( Achillea millefolium ), flower buds of clove ( Syzygium aromaticum ), leaves of rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis ), rose geranium ( Pelargonium graveolens ), parsley ( Petroselinum sativum ), river red gum ( Eucalyptus camaldulensis ), bark of cinnamon ( Cinnamomum verum ), roots of ginger ( Zingiber officinale ), and seeds of Chinese parsley ( Coriandrum sativum ) showed moderate activity, and the essential oils of leaves of common fennel ( Foeniculum vulgare ) and anise ( Pimpinella anisum ) presented weak activity [ 97 ]. Another experiment with this methodology confirmed the strong activity of the essential oil of thyme and the moderate activity of the essential oil of rosemary but stated that the essential oil of bay laurel exhibited a moderate activity against this bacterium [ 98 ].…”