Bazex's syndrome (acrokeratosis paraneoplastica)-first case report of association with a bladder carcinoma

Abstract

Bazex's acrokeratosis paraneoplastica is a clinically well-defined entity consisting of a distal erythemato-squamous eruption and nail dystrophy. It is always associated with neoplasia, mainly squamous carcinomas of the upper digestive and respiratory tracts; therefore, Bazek's acrokeratosis is considered to be a specific marker of internal malignancy. Two new cases of this syndrome are reported. The first was in a 41-year-old man with a squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus, the second in a 73-year-old man who presented with a transitional cell bladder carcinoma, an association not previously reported.

Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica (Bazex syndrome) – a systematic review on risk factors, diagnosis, prognosis and management

“…Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica Bazex can appear in patients with genitourinary tumours, such as prostate cancer and bladder cancer, too . It has been described in patients with Hodgkin disease and other lymphomas, such as T‐cell lymphomas or multiple myeloma as well as in neuroendocrine tumours .…”

“…Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica Bazex can appear in patients with genitourinary tumours, such as prostate cancer and bladder cancer, too. [11][12][13][14] It has been described in patients with Hodgkin disease and other lymphomas, such as T-cell lymphomas 15 or multiple myeloma 16 as well as in neuroendocrine tumours. 17,18 Other associated malignancies include small cell lung carcinoma, 19 adenocarcinoma of the lung, 20,21 hepatocarcinoma, 22,23 thymus carcinoma 22 and cutaneous SCCs.…”

Paraneoplastic acrokeratosis of Bazex (Bazex's syndrome): Report of a female case associated with cholangiocarcinoma and review of the published work

“…Skin lesions of PAB usually precede the neoplasm 4,9,17 . The diagnosis is based on clinical features and non‐specific histology 28 .…”

Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica (Bazex syndrome)

“…Since this first report all patients with Bazex syndrome published in the literature have had an underlying neoplasm 2,3 . The most common associated neoplasms are squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract and other tumours with cervical or mediastinal lymph node metastases 4,5 …”

“…Other associated neoplasms described include gastric adenocarcinoma, 6 colon adenocarcinoma, 7 small cell lung carcinoma, 8 lung adenocarcinoma, 9 Hodgkin's disease, 5 T‐cell lymphoma, 10 multiple myeloma, 11 hepatocarcinoma, 2 thymoma, 2 cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, 12 prostate adenocarcinoma, 13,14 vulvar, 8 uterine 15 and bladder carcinoma 4 …”