Bau und Leistungen eines menschlichen Mittelhirnwesens (Arhinencephalie mit Encephalocele) Zugleich ein Beitrag zur Teratologie und Fasersystematik

Gamper, Eduard

doi:10.1007/bf02962275

Cited by 67 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…The anencephalic infant may suckle successfully as long as the brain-stem is intact (Gamper, 1926;Utter, 1928), indicating that cortical function is not essential for swallowing. However, the situation in the infant is different from the adult, for the teat or nipple extends well back into the oral cavity so that milk is carried directly by the sucking reflex into the pharynx, from where reflex swallowing follows.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysphagia in unilateral cerebral lesions

Meadows

1973

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

124

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysphagia in unilateral cerebral lesions

Meadows

1973

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

124

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“…Serotonin has neuromodulatory actions on sensory and motor spinal circuits (Schmidt and Jordan, 2000). These neurons are known to retain substantial ability to grow in the injured CNS (Cheng and Olson, 1995).…”

Section: Differential Changes Of Connections Of Specific Brainstem Numentioning

confidence: 99%

“…reticularis gigantocellularis (also called lateral paragigantocellular nucleus) (Liang et al, 2011). Serotonergic fibers are known to retain considerable growth capacities even in the adult CNS (Nygren et al, 1974;Cheng and Olson, 1995).…”

Section: Raphe Nuclei and The Lateral Vestibular Nucleus Increase Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Sprouting of Brainstem–Spinal Tracts in Response to Unilateral Motor Cortex Stroke in Mice

et al. 2014

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After a stroke to the motor cortex, sprouting of spared contralateral corticospinal fibers into the affected hemicord is one mechanism thought to mediate functional recovery. Little is known, however, about the role of the phylogenetically old, functionally very important brainstem-spinal systems. Adult mice were subjected to a unilateral photothrombotic stroke of the right motor cortex ablating 90% of the cross-projecting corticospinal cells. Unilateral retrograde tracing from the left cervical spinal hemicord devoid of its corticospinal input revealed widespread plastic responses in different brainstem nuclei 4 weeks after stroke. Whereas some nuclei showed no change or a decrease of their spinal projections, several parts of the medullary reticular formation as well as the spinally projecting raphe nuclei increased their projections to the cortically denervated cervical hemicord by 1.2-to 1.6-fold. The terminal density of corticobulbar fibers from the intact, contralesional cortex, which itself formed a fivefold expanded connection to the ipsilateral spinal cord, increased up to 1.6-fold specifically in these plastic, caudal medullary nuclei. A second stroke, ablating the originally spared motor cortex, resulted in the reappearance of the deficits that had partially recovered after the initial right-sided stroke, suggesting dependence of recovered function on the spared cortical hemisphere and its direct corticospinal and indirect corticobulbospinal connections.

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“…Although some of these anencephalic children are apparently completely blind, 23,24 in rare cases the responses of hydranencephalic infants have been reported to diffuse illumination of the eyes, [25][26][27][28][29] fixation, and visual tracking of objects. 16,30,31 Shewmon et al 16 reported steady fixation and signs of visual discrimination of objects in a hydranencephalic child with frontal lobe remnants.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%