Battery Performance Analysis for Working Vehicle Applications

Mocera, Francesco; Vergori, Elena; Somà, Aurelio

doi:10.1109/tia.2019.2943843

Cited by 31 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Lithium-ion batteries are actually one of the most widespread rechargeable energy-storage systems [1]. They have a large field of application from small electronic systems up to electric vehicles in automotive and industrial applications [2,3]. Indeed, they can span a great capacity and power range with a good energy density and long lifetime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Solution for Coupled Diffusion Induced Stress Model for Lithium-Ion Battery

2020

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Electric cycling is one of the major damage sources in lithium-ion batteries and extensive work has been produced to understand and to slow down this phenomenon. The damage is related to the insertion and extraction of lithium ions in the active material. These processes cause mechanical stresses which in turn generate crack propagation, material loss and pulverization of the active material. In this work, the principles of diffusion induced stress theory are applied to predict concentration and stress field in the active material particles. Coupled and uncoupled models are derived, depending on whether the effect of hydrostatic stress on concentration is considered or neglected. The analytical solution of the coupled model is proposed in this work, in addition to the analytical solution of the uncoupled model already described in the literature. The analytical solution is a faster and simpler way to deal with the problem which otherwise should be solved in a numerical way with finite difference method or a finite element model. The results of the coupled and uncoupled models for three different state of charge levels are compared assuming the physical parameters of anode and cathode active material. Finally, the effects of tensile and compressive stress are analysed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Solution for Coupled Diffusion Induced Stress Model for Lithium-Ion Battery

2020

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“…However, to estimate the dynamic behaviour of the battery pack and the amount of recovered braking energy, a dynamic measure of battery pack SOC is required during vehicle operations. Scientific literature proposes various SOC measure methods and battery mathematical models [42][43][44][45][46], but these methods are typically based on many parameters that are still not known at this preliminary stage of the activity. Therefore, the following main assumptions hold:…”

Section: Battery Pack Sizingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility study of a diesel-powered hybrid DMU

et al. 2021

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Nowadays, the interest in hybrid vehicles is constantly increasing, not only in the automotive sector, but also in other transportation systems, to reduce pollution and emissions and to improve the overall efficiency of the vehicles. Although railway vehicles are typically the most eco-friendly transportation system, since commonly their primary energy source is electricity, they can still gain benefits from hybrid technologies, as many lines worldwide are not electrified. In fact, hybrid solutions allow ICE-powered (internal combustion engine) railway vehicles, such as diesel multiple units (DMUs), to operate in full-electric mode even when the track lacks electrification. The possibility to switch to full electric mode is of paramount importance when the vehicle runs on urban or underground track sections, where low or zero emission levels are required. We conduct the feasibility study of hybridization of an existing DMU vehicle, designed by Blue Engineering S.r.l., running on the Aosta–Torino Italian railway line, which includes a non-electrified urban track section and an electrified underground section. The hybridization is obtained by replacing one of the diesel generators installed on the original vehicle with a battery pack, which ensures the vehicle to operate in full-electric mode to complete its mission profile. The hybridization is also exploited to implement a regenerative braking strategy, which allows an increase in the energetical efficiency of the vehicle up to 18%. This work shows the sizing of the battery pack based on dynamic simulations performed on the Turin underground track section, and the results demonstrate the feasibility of the hybridization process.

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“…They are well-known for their high energy density, fast response, long life span, negligible memory effect, and low self-discharging effects [1]. These features allow them to relieve our high dependency on fossil fuels [2]. Lithium-ion batteries have been widely implemented in various applications and ranges, from small wearable devices to large scale applications such as electric vehicles (EV) [3] and microgrids [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the battery cells degrade in different degrees as the battery ages [19]. Researchers also proposed cell balancing approaches to proactively mitigate the cell-to-cell difference [20], but (1) the energy losses from the power converter and switches cannot be measured, also (2) the cell balancing process is usually too slow to balance the cell charges in real-time [21]. Both downsides affects the performance of the battery packs, especially when the battery packs are adopted as sole energy resources of the applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Robust and Efficient State-of-Charge Estimation Methodology for Serial-Connected Battery Packs: Most Significant Cell Methodology

2021

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Safely and efficiently managing a battery pack consisting of hundreds to thousands of battery cells is a critical but challenging task due to commonly observed uncertainties, e.g. temperature, battery degradation and SOC estimation inaccuracy. This paper proposes a robust and efficient most significant cell methodology that estimates the battery pack SOC depending on the determined most significant cells. The estimation adopting this methodology is robust to variations of temperature, battery degradation and battery cell SOC estimation inaccuracy. A battery pack simulator and a real battery pack designed for electric vehicles were used as prototypes to illustrate the high performance, robustness and effectiveness of the proposed methodology. Moreover, the proposed algorithm requires light computational effort, making it suitable for real-time operation.

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Battery Performance Analysis for Working Vehicle Applications

Cited by 31 publications

References 37 publications

Analytical Solution for Coupled Diffusion Induced Stress Model for Lithium-Ion Battery

Analytical Solution for Coupled Diffusion Induced Stress Model for Lithium-Ion Battery

Feasibility study of a diesel-powered hybrid DMU

A Robust and Efficient State-of-Charge Estimation Methodology for Serial-Connected Battery Packs: Most Significant Cell Methodology

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