Battery Energy Storage Systems in Ships’ Hybrid/Electric Propulsion Systems

Abstract

The shipping industry is going through a period of technology transition that aims to increase the use of carbon-neutral fuels. There is a significant trend of vessels being ordered with alternative fuel propulsion. Shipping’s future fuel market will be more diverse, reliant on multiple energy sources. One of very promising means to meet the decarbonisation requirements is to operate ships with sustainable electrical energy by integrating local renewables, shore connection systems and battery energy storage systems (BESS). With the increasing number of battery/hybrid propulsion vessels in operation and on order, this kind of vessel propulsion is becoming more common, especially in the segment of short range vessels. This paper presents review of recent studies of electrification or hybridisation, different aspects of using the marine BESS and classes of hybrid propulsion vessels. It also reviews several types of energy storage and battery management systems used for ships’ hybrid propulsion. The article describes different marine applications of BESS systems in relation to peak shaving, load levelling, spinning reserve and load response. The study also presents the very latest developments of hybrid/electric propulsion systems offered by leading maritime market manufacturers.

A review of battery state of charge estimation and management systems: Models and future prospective

“…Electric cars, consumer electronics, ship power systems, and energy storage devices are just a few of the many applications in which LIBs are utilized (Abdelrahman et al, 2023;Kolodziejski & Michalska-Pozoga, 2023). LIBs' design, production, and usage are governed by several standards and guidelines that guarantee their reliability and safety.…”

Lithium-Ion Batteries on Board: A Review on Their Integration for Enabling the Energy Transition in Shipping Industry

“…In the work of Papanikolaou [12], the specific issues of high speed vessels are presented together with some indications on how to design and optimize battery installations for such types of ships. Kolodziejski and Michalska-Pozoga show ship test case projects with BESSs [13], proving that the electrification of ships is facilitated by certain types of ships (short-range ships, ferries, diesel-electric vessels, offshore dynamic units, dredgers, and tugs).…”

“…The present review provides evidence that, depending on the specific operative profile and mission type, all ship types can benefit from battery deployment. Analysing the track-records and press releases of recent new ship builds, it can be affirmed that lithium battery technology is the current commercial solution constituting the best compromise in terms of weight, space, performance, and cost [8,11,13]. For this reason, with the aim of limiting possible cases and hence enabling a detailed comparison that is more useful for real applications in the maritime business, this review is focused on LIBs.…”

Evaluation of Initial Fire Extinguishing System for Marine ESS

“…Marine energy storage systems (ESSs), which primarily serve as propulsion power sources or auxiliary energy sources for ships, have attracted considerable attention as a way of increasing the energy efficiency of ships owing to their high spatial efficiency and energy density [1,2]. Typically, ESSs are comprised of essential components including a battery for energy storage, a battery management system responsible for battery control and monitoring, a power conditioning system (PCS) for converting battery energy into both direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC), and a power management system facilitating their integration with power grids and generation facilities through PCS control.…”