Bathymetric effect on the winter sea surface temperature and climate of the Yellow and East China Seas

Xie, Shang‐Ping; Hafner, Jan; Tanimoto, Youichi; Liu, W. Timothy; Tokinaga, Hiroki; Xu, Hairming

doi:10.1029/2002gl015884

Cited by 222 publications

(201 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The area of the highest temperature is near the Kuroshio area in the East China Sea, where the isotherm is dense due to the strong Kuroshio. The above pattern of temperature in winter is consistent with the observed SST in Xie et al (2002). In summer, the temperature is low in the open sea and high in the coastal sea.…”

Section: Horizontal Distribution Of Circulation and Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 75%

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Summer surface layer thermal response to surface gravity waves in the Yellow Sea

et al. 2012

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The Princeton Ocean Model (POM) with generalized coordinate system (POMgcs) is used to study the summer surface-layer thermal response to surface gravity waves in the Yellow Sea (YS). The parameterization schemes of wave breaking developed by Mellor and Blumberg (J Phys Oceanogr 34: [693][694][695][696][697][698] 2004) and Kantha and Clayson (Ocean Model 6:101-124, 2004), respectively, and Stokes production developed by Kantha and Clayson (Ocean Model 6:101-124, 2004) are both included in the Mellor-Yamada turbulence closure model Mellor and Yamada (Rev Geophys 20:851-875, 1982) of POMgcs. Numerical results show that surface gravity waves impact the depth of surface mixed layer of temperature in the YS in summer. The surface mixed layer in the YS cannot be reproduced well and has a visible difference from the observation if the parameterization schemes are not included. A diagnostic analysis of turbulent kinetic energy suggests that both Stokes production and wave breaking play key roles in enhancing the turbulent mixing near the sea surface in the YS. Stokes production seems to have a greater impact throughout the upper mixed layer in the YS in summer than that of wave breaking. In addition, a diagnostic analysis of the momentum balance shows that Coriolis-Stokes forcing has a significant effect on the momentum budget in the upper layer in the YS, and surface gravity waves are able to reduce the velocity of mean flow near the surface and make the mean flow near the surface more homogeneous vertically in the YS.

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Section: Horizontal Distribution Of Circulation and Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Positions and observed temperatures in the YS in July of , 2002from Liang (2005 are shown in Figs. 9, 10 and 11, from which one can see easily that the surface mixed layer of temperature lies in the YS in summer.…”

Section: Evaluation By Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Summer surface layer thermal response to surface gravity waves in the Yellow Sea

et al. 2012

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“…Increasing the SST resolution improved both the position and intensity of the storm when compared to observations. Similar cases have since been noted by Xie et al (2002) and Thiébaux et al (2003). Yamamoto and Hirose (2007) found that the use of eddy-resolving SST data improved the simulation of a storm in their case study, though interestingly this was attributed to unrealistically strong SST gradients in the optimum interpolation SSTs which lacked mesoscale ocean eddies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…In the case study of Xie et al (2002), increasing the SST resolution led to an increase in the intensity of the cyclone, so it is of interest to look for changes in growth rate and intensity of storms. Figure 6 shows distributions of the storm intensity and tendency in the Gulf Stream region shown in Fig.…”

Section: Storm Track Sensitivity To Sst Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Storm track sensitivity to sea surface temperature resolution in a regional atmosphere model

et al. 2009

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A high resolution regional atmosphere model is used to investigate the sensitivity of the North Atlantic storm track to the spatial and temporal resolution of the sea surface temperature (SST) data used as a lower boundary condition. The model is run over an unusually large domain covering all of the North Atlantic and Europe, and is shown to produce a very good simulation of the observed storm track structure. The model is forced at the lateral boundaries with 15-20 years of data from the ERA-40 reanalysis, and at the lower boundary by SST data of differing resolution. The impacts of increasing spatial and temporal resolution are assessed separately, and in both cases increasing the resolution leads to subtle, but significant changes in the storm track. In some, but not all cases these changes act to reduce the small storm track biases seen in the model when it is forced with low-resolution SSTs. In addition there are several clear mesoscale responses to increased spatial SST resolution, with surface heat fluxes and convective precipitation increasing by 10-20% along the Gulf Stream SST gradient.

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“…In fact, Xie et al (2002) suggest that the SST increase over the Yellow and East China Sea shelves causes the low SLP, and that the resultant SLP field leads to the wind field adjustment as found in satellite observations. However, the relationship between the storm development and SST gradient across the Kuroshio front (Xie et al 2002) is unclear in the present analysis, presumably due to the relatively coarse grid in Fig. 4.…”

Section: Air-sea Interaction Over the East Asian Marginal Seasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmosphere and Marginal-Sea Interaction Leading to an Interannual Variation in Cold-Air Outbreak Activity over the Japan Sea

Isobe

Beardsley

2007

Journal of Climate

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The interannual variation in cold-air outbreak activity over the Japan Sea is investigated using Japan Meteorological Agency buoy 21002 and Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT) wind data, Japan Oceanographic Data Center sea surface temperature (SST) data, NCEP-NCAR reanalysis surface wind and sea level pressure (SLP) data, and the winter Arctic Oscillation (AO) index of Thompson and Wallace. Cold-air outbreaks occur during the "winter" November-March period, and wind data for this season for the 19-winter period 1981-2000 were analyzed. Wavelet spectra averaged between 5-and 15-day periods were used to evaluate the intensity of cold-air outbreaks quantitatively. The winter mean wavelet spectra exhibited a clear interannual variation and a significant positive correlation with the AO index, indicating that intensive cold-air outbreaks frequently occur during relatively warm winters caused by a quasi-decadal AO. Based on the SST and SLP data, the low atmospheric surface pressure disturbances tend to develop over the warm East China Sea in warm winters in the positive AO phase. As these low SLP disturbances advance toward the northern Japan islands during the positive AO phase, they intensify more, leading to stronger cold-air outbreaks over the Japan Sea and increased sea surface cooling over the northern Japan Sea.

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Bathymetric effect on the winter sea surface temperature and climate of the Yellow and East China Seas

Cited by 222 publications

References 17 publications

Summer surface layer thermal response to surface gravity waves in the Yellow Sea

Summer surface layer thermal response to surface gravity waves in the Yellow Sea

Storm track sensitivity to sea surface temperature resolution in a regional atmosphere model

Atmosphere and Marginal-Sea Interaction Leading to an Interannual Variation in Cold-Air Outbreak Activity over the Japan Sea

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