Bathing in a bathtub and health status: A cross-sectional study

Hayasaka, Shinya; Shibata, Yosuke; Goto, Yasuaki; Noda, Tatsuya; Ojima, Toshiyuki

doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2010.05.002

Cited by 40 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…A subjective feeling of well-being and tranquility have been often reported to be associated with thermal treatments [1,3], likely due to the increased beta-endorphin levels [32]. A limit of our study is that we did not administer any questionnaire to investigate the subjective sensations after the spa-course.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…After 1 h of spa bathing at 40°C, the reduced self-reported stress has been found to be associated with a decrease in salivary cortisol and chromogranin A, that are considered physiological stress markers [8]. Thermal bathing would induce a deeper and more relaxing sleep [1,9]. These treatments have been found to induce improvement in muscle stiffness and joint mobility [6], thus relieving related symptoms such as tension headache and arthro-muscular pain [3,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…A subjective experience of relaxation and well-being is often reported after thermal bathing, whatever the characteristics [1,3]. After 1 h of spa bathing at 40°C, the reduced self-reported stress has been found to be associated with a decrease in salivary cortisol and chromogranin A, that are considered physiological stress markers [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Thermal bathing is an ancient tradition in some countries as a standard health activity: sauna in Finland, steam bath in Turkey, hot water bath in Japan are very popular practices to relax and recover from both physical and mental fatigue [1][2][3][4]. These treatments are well tolerated by healthy people and have been documented to be safe also for most patients, including chronic heart failure and hypertensive subjects [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of spa treatment on cardiac autonomic control at rest in healthy subjects

Corsini¹,

Capogrosso

Perini

2015

Sport Sci Health

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Purpose Heart rate variability (HRV) was analyzed after a spa-course to test the hypothesis that cardiac autonomic modulation can reflect the feeling of relaxation and wellbeing induced by the treatment. Methods Twenty healthy males were administered a spacourse, consisting in classic sauna (15 min), steam bath (10 min), and soft sauna (10 min), each of them followed by a cooling-off and a rest period. Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were measured at rest in supine position before and after the treatment. HRV was analyzed in time and frequency domains and by Poincaré plot. Results After the treatment, systolic and diastolic BPs were decreased by about 13 and 6 mmHg, respectively (p \ 0.05 vs. before), while HR was unchanged (55 ± 7 b/ min). HRV time domain and Poincaré parameters were significantly higher after than before the spa-course: SDNN, rMSSD, SD1 and SD2 increased by 31-35 %, NN50 and pNN50 by 64 %. The ratio SD1/SD2 was 0.6 ± 0.1 in both conditions. No modification was found in normalized power of spectral component and in their ratio (LF/HF = 1.3 ± 1.1, overall mean). Conclusions The increase in HRV with no change in markers of sympatho-vagal interaction observed after the spa-course would suggest an enhanced vagal modulation of HR, possibly reflecting the relaxing effect of the treatment.HRV analysis could be a useful tool to monitor changes in individual psychophysiological condition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effects of spa treatment on cardiac autonomic control at rest in healthy subjects

Corsini¹,

Capogrosso

Perini

2015

Sport Sci Health

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“…Climate, living environment or bathing customs in those areas might contribute to mortality. 4 We conducted this study in Tokyo, and in northern and western regions in Japan. The regional fire departments in Tokyo, Yamagata and Saga cooperated in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sudden Death Phenomenon While Bathing in Japan　― Mortality Data ―

Suzuki

Shimbo

Ikaga

et al. 2017

Circ J

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Background: Bath-related sudden cardiac arrest frequently occurs in Japan, but the mortality data have not been sufficiently reported. Methods and Results:This prospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Tokyo Metropolis, Saga Prefecture and Yamagata Prefecture between October 2012 and March 2013 (i.e., in winter). We investigated the data for all occurrences in these areas for which the emergency medical system needed to be activated because of an accident or acute illness related to bathing. Emergency personnel enrolled the event when activation of the emergency medical system was related to bathing. Of the 4,599 registered bath-related events, 1,527 (33%) were identified as bath-related cardiac arrest events. Crude mortality (no. deaths per 100,000) during the observational period was 10.0 in Tokyo, 11.6 in Yamagata and 8.5 in Saga. According to the mortality data for age and sex, the estimated number of bath-related deaths nationwide was 13,369 in winter, for the 6 months from October (95% CI: 10,862-16,887). Most cardiac arrest events occurred in tubs filled with water with the face submerged in the water. This suggests that drowning plays a crucial role in the etiology of such phenomena. Conclusions:The estimated nationwide number of deaths was 13,369 (95% CI: 10,862-16,887) in winter, for the 6 months from October. Crude mortality during the winter season was 10.0 in Tokyo, 11.6 in Yamagata and 8.5 in Saga.

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Characteristics of deceased subjects transported to a postmortem imaging center due to unusual death related to epilepsy

Ito,

Hata,

Maesawa

et al. 2024

Epilepsia Open

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ObjectivePatients with epilepsy have high risk of experiencing uncommon causes of death. This study aimed to evaluate patients who underwent unusual deaths related to epilepsy and identify factors that may contribute to these deaths and may also include sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP).MethodsWe analyzed 5291 cases in which a postmortem imaging (PMI) study was performed using plane CT, because of an unexplained death. A rapid troponin T assay was performed using peripheral blood samples. Clinical information including the cause of death suspected by the attending physician, body position, place of death, medical history, and antiseizure medications was evaluated.ResultsA total of 132 (2.6%) patients had an obvious history of epilepsy, while 5,159 individuals had no history of epilepsy (97.4%). Cerebrovascular disease was the cause of death in 1.6% of patients in the group with epilepsy, and this was significantly lower than that in the non‐epilepsy group. However, drowning was significantly higher (9.1% vs. 4.4%). Unspecified cause of death was significantly more frequent in the epilepsy group (78.0% vs. 57.8%). Furthermore, the proportion of patients who demonstrated elevation of troponin T levels without prior cardiac disease was significantly higher in the epilepsy group (37.9% vs. 31.1%). At discovery of death, prone position was dominant (30.3%), with deaths occurring most commonly in the bedroom (49.2%). No antiseizure medication had been prescribed in 12% of cases, whilst 29.5% of patients were taking multiple antiseizure medications.SignificanceThe prevalence of epilepsy in individuals experiencing unusual death was higher than in the general population. Despite PMI studies, no definitive cause of death was identified in a significant proportion of cases. The high troponin T levels may be explained by long intervals between death and examination or by higher incidence of myocardial damage at the time of death.

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Bathing in a bathtub and health status: A cross-sectional study

Cited by 40 publications

References 5 publications

Effects of spa treatment on cardiac autonomic control at rest in healthy subjects

Effects of spa treatment on cardiac autonomic control at rest in healthy subjects

Sudden Death Phenomenon While Bathing in Japan　― Mortality Data ―

Characteristics of deceased subjects transported to a postmortem imaging center due to unusual death related to epilepsy

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Bathing in a bathtub and health status: A cross-sectional study

Cited by 40 publications

References 5 publications

Effects of spa treatment on cardiac autonomic control at rest in healthy subjects

Effects of spa treatment on cardiac autonomic control at rest in healthy subjects

Sudden Death Phenomenon While Bathing in Japan ― Mortality Data ―

Characteristics of deceased subjects transported to a postmortem imaging center due to unusual death related to epilepsy

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Product

Resources

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Sudden Death Phenomenon While Bathing in Japan　― Mortality Data ―