Batch-Scale Hydrofluorination of Li27BeF4 to Support Molten Salt Reactor Development

Kelleher, Brian; Dolan, Kieran; Brooks, Paul; Anderson, Mark; Sridharan, Kumar

doi:10.1115/1.4030963

Cited by 32 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…The 316H composition was measured by inductively coupled plasma and combustion analyses as 64.5wt.%Fe-17.2%Cr-13.3%Ni-2.3%Mo-1.9%Mn-0.54%Si-0.06%C. The FLiBe salt was purified using HF to reduce O and OH impurities [14,15]. Capsules were loaded with ~28 g of salt in an Ar-filled glove box with impurity levels ≤1 ppm O2 and H2O.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

FLiBe Capsule Testing of 316H

Pint¹,

Parker²,

Sulejmanovic³

et al. 2021

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This milestone was originally envisioned for completion in FY20 and was delayed due to the COVID-19 response and lack of FLiBe salt. In March 2021, FLiBe salt was received from Kairos Power. The nine capsule experiments with type 316H stainless steel specimens and 316 capsules were completed at 550° and 650°C for 1000 h to bracket the conditions expected in the subsequent thermal convection loop (TCL) experiment. In three capsules, Be metal was added for redox control. The specimen mass losses were low, similar to those observed previously for FLiNaK salt and the addition of Be reduced the average mass loss. Initial characterization suggested that some reaction with Be may have occurred. Therefore, Be was not included in the TCL experiment.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

FLiBe Capsule Testing of 316H

Pint¹,

Parker²,

Sulejmanovic³

et al. 2021

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“…The present paper focused on the study of the corrosion behavior [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49] of the FeCr-NiTi, NiCrMo, and NiCu alloys during long-term corrosion tests in the high-temperature aggressive alkali fluorides containing cerium trifluoride and neodymium trifluoride as imitators of the nuclear fuel fission products (uranium and plutonium fluorides).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion Behavior of Candidate Functional Materials for Molten Salts Reactors in LiF–NaF–KF Containing Actinide Fluoride Imitators

et al. 2022

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Molten fluorides of alkali metals are considered a technological medium for molten salt reactors (MSRs). However, these media are known to be extremely corrosive. The successful implementation of high-temperature technological devices using molten alkali metal fluorides requires the selection of such structural materials that have high corrosion resistance in melts with compositional characteristic of MSRs. In this research, the corrosion behavior of 12Cr18Ni10Ti steel, the alloy Ni60Cr20Mo15, and the alloy Monel 404 (Ni50Cu50) was investigated in the LiF–NaF–KF eutectic melt, containing additions of CeF3 and NdF3 from 0 to 5 wt.% as imitator fluorides of actinides in an inert argon atmosphere at 550 °C for 100 h. Gravimetry, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) microanalysis of surfaces and cross-section of samples, and ICP-MS were used to establish the corrosion behavior of the investigated alloys. Corrosion resistance of the studied materials was found to decrease in a row from Monel 404 > Hastelloy C2000 > 12Cr18Ni10Ti. The addition of cerium fluoride into the melt resulted in the additional etching of the alloy surface. The addition of neodymium fluoride resulted in the formation of the point/inter-crystalline corrosion damages in the sample bulk. The samples of steel 12Cr18Ni10Ti were subjected to local cracking corrosion. The austenitic nickel-based alloys suffered specific local corrosion with formation of subsurface voids. Excellent corrosion resistance of the Monel alloy under the test conditions was found.

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“…98.8% beryllium fluoride was purchased from Materion. FLiBe underwent a purification procedure at UW, 16 which included Ar bubbling and H 2 /HF bubbling, following the process developed during the MSRE program at ORNL. 17 ICP-OES was performed on the purified salt; Table II reports the result of this analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 99.8% lithium fluoride was procured from Noah Technologies. 98.8% beryllium fluoride was purchased from Materion.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a Thermodynamic Reference Electrode for Molten LiF-BeF₂(FLiBe)

Carotti

Scarlat

2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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2LiF-BeF2 (FLiBe) is proposed as coolant for advanced nuclear fission and fusion reactors designs. Electrochemical techniques can be used to answer important research questions about the chemistry, mass transport, and corrosion behavior of FLiBe. The use of electrochemical techniques is predicated upon a thermodynamic reference electrode (RE) for FLiBe. This paper reports the design and characterization of a RE for FLiBe based on the Ni/Ni(II) redox couple, a boron nitride body, and a LaF3 ionic membrane. This electrode, tested in the range of 500°C–600°C shows stability of +/−1 mV for ten hours, good polarizability behavior, and Nernstian behavior. This data is comparable to other RE data reported for other fluoride salt mixtures. This paper also shows that beyond ten hours the RE potential drifts and there is evidence of Ni(II) depletion from the RE. We discuss some of the mechanisms that may cause this drift.

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Batch-Scale Hydrofluorination of Li27BeF4 to Support Molten Salt Reactor Development

Cited by 32 publications

References 22 publications

FLiBe Capsule Testing of 316H

FLiBe Capsule Testing of 316H

Corrosion Behavior of Candidate Functional Materials for Molten Salts Reactors in LiF–NaF–KF Containing Actinide Fluoride Imitators

Characterization of a Thermodynamic Reference Electrode for Molten LiF-BeF₂(FLiBe)

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Batch-Scale Hydrofluorination of Li27BeF4 to Support Molten Salt Reactor Development

Cited by 32 publications

References 22 publications

FLiBe Capsule Testing of 316H

FLiBe Capsule Testing of 316H

Corrosion Behavior of Candidate Functional Materials for Molten Salts Reactors in LiF–NaF–KF Containing Actinide Fluoride Imitators

Characterization of a Thermodynamic Reference Electrode for Molten LiF-BeF2(FLiBe)

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Characterization of a Thermodynamic Reference Electrode for Molten LiF-BeF₂(FLiBe)