Batch and Continuous Systems for Zn, Cu, and Pb Metal Ions Adsorption on Spent Mushroom Compost Biochar

Abstract

Spent mushroom compost biochar (SMCB) was prepared by carbonization and tested for the removal of heavy metals (Zn(II), Cu(II), and Pb(II)) by adsorption. The sorption of heavy metals was evaluated by studying several factors, such as the initial solution pH, contact time, temperature, and individual and competitive adsorption. Kinetic and equilibrium studies were carried out to determine the mechanism involved during adsorption. The Weber−Morris model demonstrated the significance of intraparticle diffusion on the adsorption process. In addition, thermodynamic studies showed that the process is endothermic and favorable, with good affinity of metals to the biochar. At last, SMCB was used as the adsorbent in a continuous fixed-bed column. The breakthrough curve was obtained for each heavy metal, and Thomas and Clark models were fitted. When all three metals coexisted in solution, competitive adsorption took place in both batch and continuous systems, showing that Pb has higher affinity to SMCB than Cu and Zn.

Lead adsorption in a serpentine millichannel‐based packed‐bed device: Effect of hydrodynamics and mixing characteristics

“…The adsorption kinetics inside the packed bed is most commonly analyzed using the Thomas, bed depth service time (BDST), 78 the Adams‐Bohart (AB), 79 Yoon–Nelson (YN), Clark, 31,49 Wolborska, 80 and modified dose–response models. Thomas model (TM), 81 is the most general and widely used to analyze the kinetics of adsorption in the packed bed 19‐22,32‐34,37,39‐41,45,47,49,50,52‐54 . The TM was proposed based on the assumptions of Langmuir isotherm and the second‐order reversible reaction kinetics without dispersion.…”

“…Therefore, an appropriate design of the fixed‐bed adsorption device is essential for separating the heavy metal with a higher removal capacity and efficiency. Some studies on the continuous mode Pb(II) adsorption, which were carried out in the packed bed of larger dimensions, are tabulated in Table S1 (Supporting information) 19‐56 . As mentioned in Table S1, the researchers have used larger columns (minimum height 1 cm) with a higher dose of adsorbent (minimum 1.0 g) to obtain the adsorption capacity as high as 115.20 mg g −1 .…”

Pb(II) removal in water via adsorption onto deep eutectic solvent fabricated activated carbon

“…6 and 7), respectively, and both the removal rate and removal capacity could be a function of the adsorbent properties (e.g., surface area, porosity, aromaticity, etc.) (Abdallah et al 2019). Pseudofirst-order model assumes that the removal rate is dependent on adsorption capacity, whereas the pseudo-second-order is controlled by chemisorption (i.e., involves sharing of electron pairs between the adsorbent and adsorbate (Alghamdi et al 2019).…”

Physicochemical Parameters of the Methylparaben Adsorption from Aqueous Solution Onto Activated Carbon and Their Relationship with the Surface Chemistry

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