Bat influenza viruses transmit among bats but are poorly adapted to non-bat species

Ciminski, Kevin; Wei, Ran; Gorka, Marco; Lee, Jinhwa; Malmlov, Ashley; Schinköthe, Jan; Eckley, Miles; Murrieta, Reyes A.; Aboellail, Tawfik; Campbell, Corey L.; Ebel, Gregory D.; Ma, Jingjiao; Pohlmann, Anne; Franzke, Kati; Ulrich, Reiner; Hoffmann, Donata; García‐Sastre, Adolfo; Ma, Wenjun; Schountz, Tony; Beer, Martin; Schwemmle, Martin

doi:10.1038/s41564-019-0556-9

Cited by 45 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…It has been particularly challenging to isolate bat viruses and only fragments of viral genomes have been detected for multiple bat-borne viruses (6,7,85,151). The use of reverse genetics and molecular tools have allowed researchers to rescue bat influenza viruses (152). A similar approach, if possible, could be developed for other bat viruses that have been difficult to isolate.…”

Section: Challenges In Studying Batsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Insights Into Immune Systems of Bats

et al. 2020

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In recent years, viruses similar to those that cause serious disease in humans and other mammals have been detected in apparently healthy bats. These include filoviruses, paramyxoviruses, and coronaviruses that cause severe diseases such as Ebola virus disease, Marburg haemorrhagic fever and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in humans. The evolution of flight in bats seem to have selected for a unique set of antiviral immune responses that control virus propagation, while limiting self-damaging inflammatory responses. Here, we summarize our current understanding of antiviral immune responses in bats and discuss their ability to co-exist with emerging viruses that cause serious disease in other mammals. We highlight how this knowledge may help us to predict viral spillovers into new hosts and discuss future directions for the field.

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Section: Challenges In Studying Batsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Insights Into Immune Systems of Bats

et al. 2020

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“…relevance. Yet, viral transcripts could not be detected in nasal lavage of ferrets infected with WT H18N11 [8].…”

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confidence: 91%

“…In bats, H17N10 RNA was detected in liver, kidney, lung and intestinal tissues, whereas H18N11 RNA was found exclusively in the intestine [1]. Ciminski et al indeed demonstrated that in bats experimentally infected with H18N11, virus could be detected in the feces and transmitted to co-housed naïve bats, presumably via the fecal-oral route [8]. This is akin to the behavior of avian influenza viruses in waterfowl.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Ciminski et al demonstrated that ectopically expressed N11 reduced surface expression of MHCII. They speculated that this might facilitate progeny virus egress, just as cleavage of sialic acid facilitates egress of other IAVs [8]. However, the ability to downregulate MHCII has implications for adaptive immune responses against bat influenza viruses and may contribute to viral pathogenesis.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…MHCII is responsible for presenting antigen to CD4+ T cells, which, along with co-stimulatory factors, promotes their activation [9]. CD4+ T cells are then essential for promoting high-quality antibody responses by providing B cells with the signals required to induce somatic in response to infection [8]. Nevertheless, it will be interesting to determine whether H18N11 infection impairs T cell activation and as a result, the breadth and quality of the antibody response ( Figure 1).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Bat Influenza Viruses: Making a Double Agent of MHC Class II

Banerjee

Mossman

Miller

2020

Trends in Microbiology

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Major histocompatibility complex class II has recently been identified as a cellular receptor for bat influenza viruses. Here, we discuss the possible implications of viral exploitation of this critical host defense molecule and highlight the need for more intense study of bat-influenza virus interactions. Main TextInfluenza A viruses (IAVs) circulate globally and based on WHO estimates, annual epidemics of influenza result in ~1 billion infections, 3-5 million cases of severe illness and 300,000-500,000 deaths. The severity of pandemic influenza depends on multiple factors, such as the virulence of the pandemic virus strain, and the level of pre-existing immunity in the population. The discovery of two novel bat influenza viruses, H17N10 and H18N11 (Table 1) [1-3] has raised Journal Pre-proof J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f

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Roles of Glycans and Non-glycans on the Epithelium and in the Immune System in H1–H18 Influenza A Virus Infections

Sriwilaijaroen

Suzuki

2022

Methods in Molecular Biology

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Bat influenza viruses transmit among bats but are poorly adapted to non-bat species

Cited by 45 publications

References 34 publications

Novel Insights Into Immune Systems of Bats

Novel Insights Into Immune Systems of Bats

Bat Influenza Viruses: Making a Double Agent of MHC Class II

Roles of Glycans and Non-glycans on the Epithelium and in the Immune System in H1–H18 Influenza A Virus Infections

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