The spawning biology of silver fish, Odontesthes bonariensis (Cuvier and Valenciennes 1835), from north‐western Argentina was studied from monthly captures between November 1997 and March 1999. The spawning period and lengths thereof were analysed using gonadosomatic index (GSI) curves and monthly percentage distributions of maturation stages. A single spawning season with two peaks (late winter and early autumn) within 1 year was identified. Also discussed is the relationship between GSI and Fulton's condition factor K.