Basin scale natural gas source, migration and trapping traced by noble gases and major elements: the Pakistan Indus basin

Battani, A.; Sarda, Philippe; Prinzhofer, Alain

doi:10.1016/s0012-821x(00)00188-6

Cited by 72 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Typically, Ne enrichments are smaller than those for Xe, with F(Ne) ranging from approximately 1-10 (where F(Ne) = 0.3 is typical of ASW). Neon enrichments of this magnitude have also been found in oil field gases [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…As two axes must shorten simultaneously, the probability is simply estimated to be (see Figure 2): P= r t 2 /r Ng 2 for r t < r a and P=1 for r t > r Ng ( 8 ) The exact formulation of the probability is not critical, since only the relative effects of diffusion are being explored. Thus, the net effect of adsorption and throat diameter is to decrease the effective diffusivity of high molecular weight noble gases relative to low molecular weight noble gases (D Ng decreases with increasing MW; K d increases with increasing MW; and atomic radius increases with increasing MW).…”

Section: The Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diffusive separation of noble gases and noble gas abundance patterns in sedimentary rocks

Torgersen

Kennedy

Soest

2004

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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The mechanisms responsible for noble gas concentrations, abundance patterns, and strong retentivity in sedimentary lithologies remain poorly explained. Diffusion-controlled fractionation of noble gases is modeled and examined as an explanation for the absolute and relative abundances of noble gases observed in sediments. Since the physical properties of the noble gases are strong functions of atomic mass, the individual diffusion coefficients, adsorption coefficients and atomic radii combine to impede heavy noble gas (Xe) diffusion relative to light noble gas (Ne) diffusion. Filling of lithic grains/half-spaces by diffusive processes thus produces Ne enrichments in the early and middle stages of the filling process with F(Ne) values similar to that observed in volcanic glasses. Emptying lithic grains/half-spaces produces a Xe-enriched residual in the late (but not final) stages of the process producing F(Xe) values similar to that observed in shales. 'Exotic …but unexceptional' shales that exhibit both F(Ne) and F(Xe) enrichments can be produced by incomplete emptying followed by incomplete filling. This mechanism is consistent with literature reported noble gas abundance patterns but may still require a separate mechanism for strong retention. A system of labyrinths-with-constrictions and/or C-, Sinanotubes when combined with simple adsorption can result in stronger diffusive separation and nonsteady-state enrichments that persist for longer times. Enhanced adsorption to multiple C atoms inside C-nanotubes as well as dangling functional groups closing the ends of nanotubes can provide potential mechanisms for 'strong retention'. We need new methods of examining noble gases in rocks to determine the role and function of angstrom-scale structures in both the diffusive enrichment process and the 'strong retention' process for noble gas abundances in terrestrial rocks.2

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: The Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusive separation of noble gases and noble gas abundance patterns in sedimentary rocks

Torgersen

Kennedy

Soest

2004

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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“…As a result, 3 He is a direct indicator of a mantle component. The use of C/He isotope systematics to trace and calculate multicomponent mixing in CO 2 reservoirs and emanations is widespread and thoroughly documented, even though the correlation does not prove that the carbon and noble gases in a given reservoir were co-genetic (Marty and Jambon, 1987;Sorey et al,1993Sorey et al, , 1998Sorey et al, , 1999Trull et al, 1993;Rose et al, 1996;Sherwood-Lollar et al, 1997;Kaneoka, 1998;Nishio et al, 1998;USGS, 1999a;Ballentine et al, 2000;Battani et al, 2000;Hulston et al, 2001). …”

Section: The Origins Of Subsurface Comentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gambier, Australia, in the Four Corners and Colorado Plateau area of the western U.S. (Big Piney-La Barge, Bravo Dome, Escalante, Estancia, Farnham Dome, Lisbon, McCallum, McElmo Dome, Rangely, Sheep Mountain, and Springerville/St. Johns Dome), in eastern China, and with CO 2 in hydrocarbon reservoirs all over the world (for example, Chivas et al, 1987;Broadhead, 1989Broadhead, , 1993Giggenbach et al, 1991;Cappa and Rice, 1995;Dai et al, 1995;Xu et al, 1995;Hao et al, 1996;Pearce et al, 1996;Holloway, 1997;Imbus et al, 1998;Wycherley et al, 1999;Ballentine et al, 2000;Battani et al, 2000;Allis et al, 2001;Baines and Worden, 2001;Stephens et al, 2001;Zheng et al, 2001). For the Four Corners area, Cappa and Rice (1995) alone list 26 oil and gas fields and 14 wildcat wells with CO 2 content above 10% and ranging up to 98.6% for one well in McElmo Dome.…”

Section: Natural Accumulations Of Co 2 : Subsurface Co 2 Reservoirs-amentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessons Learned from Natural and Industrial Analogues for Storage of Carbon Dioxide in Deep Geological Formations

Benson¹,

Hepple²,

Apps³

et al. 2002

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“…The world distribution of both dry and wet CO2 discharges shows the highest densities in the Western US, Central Europe and Asia Minor (Barnes et al 1978). Geogenetic CO2 originates from three different sources: transformation of organic matter during oil, gas and coal formation (Battani et al 2000;Butala et al 2000), metamorphism of carbonatic rocks in the crust (Kerrick & Caldeira 1998;Derry et al 2002), or degassing of the mantle. CO2 exhalations are particularly frequent in volcanic and post-volcanic areas, where the CO2 usually comes from the mantle but may also result from contact metamorphism of carbonate rocks (Giammanco et al 1995;Seward & Kerrick 1996;Granieri et al 2003;Werner & Brantley 2003).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbogaseous spring waters, coldwater geysers and dry CO2 exhalations in the tectonic window of the Lower Engadine Valley, Switzerland

Bissig¹,

Goldscheider

Mayoraz³

et al. 2006

Eclogae geol. Helv.

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In the region of Scuol-Tarasp in the Lower Engadine Valley in the Eastern Swiss Alps, there are a variety of phenomena related to a geogenetic CO2 production, including carbogaseous mineral springs, previously active coldwater geysers and dry gas exhalations from the ground via mofettes. Previous isotopic studies revealed that the CO2 originates from the metamorphic decomposition of carbonate rocks in the crust. This paper presents an inventory of the springs, geysers and mofettes, and proposes a conceptual model on the regional gas and water circulation. Based on hydrochemical criteria, it was possible to identify six main groups of spring waters, three of which are carbogaseous mineral springs. Most of the carbogaseous springs and gas exhalations are bound to the Bündnerschiefer fractured aquifer. The different water types originate from mixing of groundwater and highly mineralised carbogaseous fluids from depth. Near-surface degassing of CO2 from the fluid phase creates the dry gas exhalations. CO2 and radon measurements in 178 soil boreholes suggest that the gas exhalations occur at a limited number of point-like anomalies, and there is no evidence for regionally important diffuse CO2 discharges from the ground. RESUMAZIUNEn la regiun da Scuol-Tarasp en l'Engiadina bassa, en l'orientala part dallas alps svizras cumparan antgins fenomens, che coreleschan cun la producziun da CO2 en la profunditad. Ei dat fontaunas mineralas carbonicas, antruras geisirs activs d'aua freida e sortidas da gas schetg da mofettas. Anteriuras retschercas d'isotops han mussau, ch'il CO2 deriva dalla decumposiziun metamorfosa da caltschina en la crusta dalla tiara. Questa lavur presenta in inventari da fontaunas, geisirs e moffettas e fa ina proposta per in model concepziunal per la circulaziun regiunala da gas ed aua. Sin fundament da criteris hidrochemics han sis gruppas da fontaunas saviu vegni identificadas, dallas qualas treis gruppas cumprendan fontaunas mineralas carbonicas. Las pliras fontaunas carbonicas neschan egl aquifer dil sfendaglius platter Grischun. Ils differents tips d'aua da fontauna resultan entras la mischeida da liquidas profundas carbonicas fetg mineralisadas cun auas sutterranas giuvnas. Degasaziun dil CO2 ord la fasa d'aua damaneivel da la surfatscha meina tier l'exhalaziun da gas. Mesiraziuns da CO2 e radon en 178 ruosnas indicheschan, che l'exhalaziun da gas serestrenscha sin paucas anomalias punctualas. Ei dat negins indezis per ina impurtonta sortida regiunala da CO2.

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Basin scale natural gas source, migration and trapping traced by noble gases and major elements: the Pakistan Indus basin

Cited by 72 publications

References 23 publications

Diffusive separation of noble gases and noble gas abundance patterns in sedimentary rocks

Diffusive separation of noble gases and noble gas abundance patterns in sedimentary rocks

Lessons Learned from Natural and Industrial Analogues for Storage of Carbon Dioxide in Deep Geological Formations

Carbogaseous spring waters, coldwater geysers and dry CO2 exhalations in the tectonic window of the Lower Engadine Valley, Switzerland

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