Basilar membrane nonlinearity determines auditory nerve rate-intensity functions and cochlear dynamic range

Yates, Graeme K.; Winter, Ian M.; Robertson, Donald

doi:10.1016/0378-5955(90)90121-5

Cited by 213 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Estimates of compression in the upward spread of masking derived with notched noise to limit offfrequency listening are consistent with the high estimates of compression found in physiological (Sellick et al 1982;Yates et al 1990;Ruggero et al 1992) and psychophysical (Nelson et al 2001) studies. This is true both for nonsimultaneous and for simultaneous masking.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…An estimate of 0.17 is comparable to the compression exponent of 0.16 derived from GOM functions with high-pass noise (Oxenham and Plack 1997;Nelson et al 2001). These higher compression estimates with notched or high-pass noise are consistent with the higher compression estimates from animal data (Sellick et al 1982;Yates et al 1990;Ruggero et al 1992). The average compression exponent estimate of 0.26 is comparable to the compression exponent of 0.3 from BM I/O functions derived from forward-masking thresholds with notched noise (Yasin and Plack 2003).…”

Section: The Growth Of Masking and Compressionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Some (Ruggero and Rich 1991;Ruggero et al 1992;Oxenham and Plack 1997;Gregan et al 1998;Bacon et al 1999;Nelson et al 2001;Yasin and Plack 2003), although not all (Bacon and Viemeister 1985;Murugasu and Russell 1995;Ruggero et al 1997) physiological and psychophysical studies show that the slope of the I/O function or GOM function returns to a value of 1 dB/dB for high-level signals. The implication being that for high-level signals the BM response to both the signal and masker may grow linearly at the signal place, as is the case for low-level signals (Delgutte 1990a;Yates et al 1990). A return to linearity at high levels could also be explained by the level-dependent shift of the peak of the signal excitation pattern toward the basal region of the BM (McFadden and Yama 1983).…”

Section: The Growth Of Masking and Compressionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Second, both off-frequency forward-and simultaneous-masked GOM functions are nonlinear for midlevel signals, consistent with previous studies Plack 1997, 1998). The nonlinear GOM for mid-level signals is explained by a compressive signal response growth with respect to a linear masker response growth at the signal place (Rhode 1971;Sellick et al 1982;Robles et al 1986;Yates et al 1990;Nelson and Schroder 1997;Oxenham and Plack 1997;Nelson et al 2001). For all subjects, the maximum compression for either a simultaneous or forward masker occurred for signals around 35-60 dB SPL.…”

Section: The Growth Of Masking and Compressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, when the signal level is close to the absolute threshold, the masking may rely more on internal noise rather than masker excitation. For the range of signals 40-60 dB SPL for which the BM response is known to be most compressive (e.g., Yates et al 1990;Murugasu and Russell 1995), the estimates of signal compression are greater for a forward than a simultaneous masker for A.B. and P.P., similar for both maskers for I.Y., and greater for a simultaneous than a forward masker for C.O.…”

Section: The Effects Of Suppressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Suppression in the Upward Spread of Masking

Yasin

Plack

2005

JARO

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The upward spread of masking refers to the higher growth rate of masking for maskers lower in frequency than the signal, compared to maskers at the signal frequency (Wegel RL, Lane CE. The auditory masking of one pure tone by another and its possible relation to the dynamics of the inner ear. Physics Rev. 23:266-285, 1924; Egan JP, Hake HW. On the masking pattern of a simple auditory stimulus. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 22:622-630, 1950; Delgutte B. Physiological mechanisms of psychophysical masking: Observations from auditory-nerve fibres. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 87:791-809, 1990a, Delgutte B. Two-tone rate suppression in auditory-nerve fibres: Dependence on suppressor frequency and level. Hear Res. 49:225-246, 1990b). The upward spread of simultaneous masking may arise from a combination of excitatory and suppressive effects. In this study, growth of masking functions were obtained for a 4-kHz signal masked by an on-frequency (4 kHz) or offfrequency (2.4 kHz), simultaneous or forward masker, in the presence of a notched noise with a center frequency of 4 kHz presented to restrict off-frequency listening. Compression was estimated from the slopes of the off-frequency growth of masking functions. Suppression was estimated by comparing the offfrequency simultaneous-and forward-masked growth of masking functions. Results showed that, for midlevel signals (35-60 dB SPL), the compression exponent estimated from simultaneous and forward masking averaged 0.31 and 0.26, respectively. The maximum amount of suppression (defined as the decrease in the basilar-membrane response to the signal) was variable, ranging from about 6 to 17 dB across subjects. Despite the substantial reduction in the response to the signal, the results suggest that suppression has a minimal effect on the slope of the masking function at mid levels. Rather, upward spread of masking seems to be mainly determined by the compressive basilar-membrane response to the signal in relation to the linear response to the lowerfrequency masker.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: The Growth Of Masking and Compressionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: The Growth Of Masking and Compressionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: The Growth Of Masking and Compressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Effects Of Suppressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Suppression in the Upward Spread of Masking

Yasin

Plack

2005

JARO

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Inferior colliculus responses to dual‐site intralamina stimulation in the ventral cochlear nucleus

Shivdasani

Mauger

Argent

et al. 2010

J of Comparative Neurology

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A major limitation of the present auditory brainstem implant (ABI) is its inability to access the tonotopic organization of the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN). A previous study by our group indicated that stimulation of single sites within a given VCN frequency region did not always elicit frequency-specific responses within the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (CIC) and in some cases did not elicit a response at all. For this study, we hypothesized that sequential stimulation (with a short interpulse delay of 320 μsec) of two VCN sites in similar frequency regions would enhance responsiveness in CIC neurons. Multiunit neural recordings in response to pure tones were obtained at 58 VCN and 164 CIC sites in anesthetized rats. Among the 58 VCN sites, 39 pairs of sites with similar characteristic frequencies were chosen for electrical stimulation. Each member of a VCN pair was electrically stimulated individually, followed by sequential stimulation of the pair, while recording CIC responses. On average, CIC sites were found to respond to dual-site VCN stimulation with significantly lower thresholds, wider dynamic ranges, a greater extent of activation with increasing current levels, and a higher degree of frequency specificity compared with single-site stimulation. Although these effects were positive for the most part, in some cases dual-site stimulation resulted in increased CIC thresholds and decreased dynamic ranges, extent of activation, and frequency specificity. The results suggest that multisite stimulation within VCN isofrequency laminae using penetrating electrodes could significantly improve ABI stimulation strategies and implant performance.

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Compression in the Peripheral Auditory System

Cooper¹

Compression: From Cochlea to Cochlear Implants

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Basilar membrane nonlinearity determines auditory nerve rate-intensity functions and cochlear dynamic range

Cited by 213 publications

References 29 publications

The Role of Suppression in the Upward Spread of Masking

The Role of Suppression in the Upward Spread of Masking

Inferior colliculus responses to dual‐site intralamina stimulation in the ventral cochlear nucleus

Compression in the Peripheral Auditory System

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