Basics and recent advances of two dimensional- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

Magdeldin, Sameh; Enany, Shymaa; Yoshida, Yutaka; Xu, Bin; Zhang, Ying; Zureena, Zam; Lokamani, Ilambarthi; Yaoita, Eishin; Yamamoto, Tadashi

doi:10.1186/1559-0275-11-16

Cited by 184 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Several methods exist for proteomic characterization, including gel based, 196 liquid chromatography-coupled mass spectrometry based, 197 and aptamer based, 198 with broad applicability to a wide variety of sample types, disease states, and desired biomarkers. However, the complexity of data obtained from proteomic studies makes translation of putative biomarkers into clinically useful prognostic tools difficult.…”

Section: Proteomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrigenomics, the Microbiome, and Gene-Environment Interactions: New Directions in Cardiovascular Disease Research, Prevention, and Treatment

Ferguson¹,

Allayee²,

Gerszten³

et al. 2016

Circ Cardiovasc Genet

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Abstract-Cardiometabolic diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide and are strongly linked to both genetic and nutritional factors. The field of nutrigenomics encompasses multiple approaches aimed at understanding the effects of diet on health or disease development, including nutrigenetic studies investigating the relationship between genetic variants and diet in modulating cardiometabolic risk, as well as the effects of dietary components on multiple "omic" measures, including transcriptomics, metabolomics, proteomics, lipidomics, epigenetic modifications, and the microbiome. Here, we describe the current state of the field of nutrigenomics with respect to cardiometabolic disease research and outline a direction for the integration of multiple omics techniques in future nutrigenomic studies aimed at understanding mechanisms and developing new therapeutic options for cardiometabolic disease treatment and prevention. The interpretation and scope of nutrigenomics may vary, but it can be thought to encompass the spectrum of nutritional genomics research, including classic nutrigenetics studies of gene-diet interactions and molecular nutrition, in vitro and in vivo models, human nutrition studies, and the application of largescale, unbiased studies using high-throughput "omics" techniques to study the effects of nutrients on the body. 6 As the Figure shows, diet and the genome may influence cardiometabolic health through a variety of interconnected intermediates, perturbations in which can be measured through omics technologies, including RNA expression (transcriptome), epigenetic modifications (epigenome), metabolites (metabolome), lipids (lipidome), proteins (proteome), and resident microbial communities (microbiome). Although it is clear that both nutrients and genes play a distinct role in determining health, the complex interactions among genes, diet, and downstream networks are not well understood. The application of nutrigenomics approaches to questions of human health and disease is an important component in understanding the complexities of the interplay between basic metabolic processes and externalThe American Heart Association makes every effort to avoid any actual or potential conflicts of interest that may arise as a result of an outside relationship or a personal, professional, or business interest of a member of the writing panel. Specifically, all members of the writing group are required to complete and submit a Disclosure Questionnaire showing all such relationships that might be perceived as real or potential conflicts of interest.This statement was approved by the American Heart Association Science Advisory and Coordinating Committee on January 22, 2016, and the American Heart Association Executive Committee on February 23, 2016. A copy of the document is available at http://professional.heart.org/statements by using either "Search for Guidelines & Statements" or the "Browse by Topic" area. To purchase additional reprints, call 843-216-2533 or e-mail kelle.ramsay@ wolterskluwer.com.The...

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Section: Proteomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrigenomics, the Microbiome, and Gene-Environment Interactions: New Directions in Cardiovascular Disease Research, Prevention, and Treatment

Ferguson¹,

Allayee²,

Gerszten³

et al. 2016

Circ Cardiovasc Genet

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“…This can be further validated by MS/MS analysis (figure 1). Most commonly, 2-DE fractionated proteins are exposed to either in-gel digestion to make tryptic peptides for mass spectrometric analysis or gels are validated for proteins of interest using Western blotting (Magdeldin et al 2014). For differentially expressed proteins, it allows simultaneous detection, quantification and comparison of up to thousand protein spots as well as PTMs, in a similar gel and also in various biological systems (Chevalier 2010).…”

Section: Gel-based Proteomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaches for targeted proteomics and its potential applications in neuroscience

2015

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An extensive guide on practicable and significant quantitative proteomic approaches in neuroscience research is important not only because of the existing overwhelming limitations but also for gaining valuable understanding into brain function and deciphering proteomics from the workbench to the bedside. Early methodologies to understand the functioning of biological systems are now improving with high-throughput technologies, which allow analysis of various samples concurrently, or of thousand of analytes in a particular sample. Quantitative proteomic approaches include both gel-based and non-gel-based methods that can be further divided into different labelling approaches. This review will emphasize the role of existing technologies, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as their applications in neuroscience. This review will also discuss advanced approaches for targeted proteomics using isotope-coded affinity tag (ICAT) coupled with laser capture microdissection (LCM) followed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) analysis. This technology can further be extended to single cell proteomics in other areas of biological sciences and can be combined with other 'omics' approaches to reveal the mechanism of a cellular alterations. This approach may lead to further investigation in basic biology, disease analysis and surveillance, as well as drug discovery. Although numerous challenges still exist, we are confident that this approach will increase the understanding of pathological mechanisms involved in neuroendocrinology, neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders by delivering protein biomarker signatures for brain dysfunction.

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“…The twodimension electrophoresis (2-DE) is based on separation of proteins on two independent parameters of charge and molecular mass in an electric field and it is the most efficient and highresolution protein separation method for complex mixture of samples. These methods are presently well-optimized and are regularly applied in proteomics analysis [13,5]. Proteomic mass spectroscopy-based platforms are used to identify large numbers of novel proteins with the potential to be biomarkers.…”

Section: Synopsis Of Proteomics Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic profile of acute myeloid leukaemia: A review update

Almaiman¹,

Abdullah²,

Abdul³

et al. 2016

Trop. J. Pharm Res

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Basics and recent advances of two dimensional- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

Cited by 184 publications

References 47 publications

Nutrigenomics, the Microbiome, and Gene-Environment Interactions: New Directions in Cardiovascular Disease Research, Prevention, and Treatment

Nutrigenomics, the Microbiome, and Gene-Environment Interactions: New Directions in Cardiovascular Disease Research, Prevention, and Treatment

Approaches for targeted proteomics and its potential applications in neuroscience

Proteomic profile of acute myeloid leukaemia: A review update

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