Basic Volleyball Technical Skills for Students: Validity and Reliability

Abstract

Study purpose. The goal of this project is to provide a basic volleyball skill exam for Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta students enrolled in the Sports Education study program. Materials and methods. This work employed experimental techniques. They are testing the reliability and validity of fundamental volleyball skills for students between 18 and 24. For objectivity and validity, personal correlations are employed in data analysis, while reliability coefficients between classes are used in data analysis for reliability. The population and sample consisted of 114 students studying sports education in the first and third semesters, including 64 males and 50 females. Results. The validity value, r = 0.653, was highly significant. Additionally, the researcher’s score with tester 1’s assistance is r = 0.759, with tester 2’s assistance is r = 0.651, and the correlation coefficient between the results of assistant testers one and two is a high r = 0.686. The objectivity value of the result score for the volleyball skill instrument was r = 0.787 for the researcher and examiner one and r = 0.705 for examiner two. The correlation coefficient between assistant examiners one and two was high at r = 0.706. The motion reliability score for volleyball skills was high (r = 0.652). The volleyball skill reliability score had a very high result score of r = 0.872. Conclusions. Based on the study findings, it is clear that the accuracy test of fundamental skills is highly effective and efficient and merits being used as a benchmark instrument to assess the skills of volleyball. To improve volleyball playing abilities, further research involving various factors, including social environment, psychosocial factors, and physical condition factors by student characteristics, is necessary. However, caution is required due to the small sample sizes used in this study and the need to consider other variables.

The effectiveness of a 12-week sport nutrition education intervention on female volleyball players performance

“…Similarly, broad jump distance saw a substantial increase from 198.3 ± 10.7 to 205.6 ± 11.4 centimetres, further highlighting improvements in lower body strength and power. The strength, as measured by 1 RM squat, also showed a significant increase from 100.2 ± 12.3 to 110.5 ± 13.9 kilograms, indicating enhanced muscular strength and power output (Okoren & Magkos, 2023;Jariono, G et al, 2024).…”