Basic Studies on Vibrio vulnificus Infection: Isolation of V. vulnificus from Sea Water, Sea Mud, and Oysters

Oonaka, Kenji; Furuhata, Katsunori; Iguchi, K; Hara, Motonobu; Fukuyama, Masafumi

doi:10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.76.528

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…These results suggest that a few cells of both organisms in estuarine waters can survive at temperatures below those previously reported and confirmed that their occurrence in water strongly is correlated to water temperature and salinity, as reported by other researchers [6,19,25]. It was demonstrated that V. vulnifi-cus can survive in coastal areas at approx.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…2. Previous studies of V. vulnificus along the East Coast [1,10,11,15,16,25,29] of the United States, as well as in coastal waters of Denmark [6] and Japan [19], have shown counts as CUF ml À1 [1,10,15,29], MPN 100 ml À1 [11,19,25] or MPN l À1 [6] of estuarine bacteria. However, the MPN procedure used in this study is the first capable of enumeration of a smaller number of both organisms even during cold-weather periods.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have reported the presence of V. vulnificus, and other estuarine vibrios, along the Gulf Coast [8], West Coast [7], and East Coast [1,10,11,15,16] of the United States, and in coastal waters of Denmark [6], Hong Kong [17], and Japan [18,19]. However, except for one study in Japan [19], no reported long-term study on the ecology of V. vulnificus was conducted along the Japanese coast. Since 1978, V. vulnificus infections were reported mainly in the western part of Japan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecology of Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in brackish environments of the Sada River in Shimane Prefecture, Japan

Fukushima

Seki

2004

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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While there are several studies on the ecology of Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in estuarine water environments around the world, there is little information on the distribution of both organisms during the cold-weather months. Thus, we conducted a multi-year study on the ecology of both organisms in brackish environments of the Sada River, a drainage canal flowing slowly into the Japan Sea from Lake Shinji in Shimane Prefecture, Japan. Water samples were collected twice a month at five sites from August 2000 to May 2002. Both organisms were enumerated in 10 l water, 100 g sediment and 10 g shellfish by the most probable number (MPN) procedure. Isolates were confirmed as V. vulnificus using hemolysin gene PCR. During the last 7 months (including winter) of the study, water and sediment samples were also analyzed for the presence of both organisms. V. parahaemolyticus was isolated from river mouths and coastal environments of average salinity > or = 4.4+/-2.0 ppt throughout the year at cell concentrations of 10(-3) to 10(1) MPN ml(-1). Similar concentrations of V. vulnificus were isolated from coastal environments of average salinity 24.0+/-5.4 ppt, except for two times when water moved to the upper reaches due to high tide and V. vulnificus was rifted to the upper reaches. These findings suggest that both organisms are continuously distributed in the Sada estuary throughout the year regardless of water temperature.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecology of Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in brackish environments of the Sada River in Shimane Prefecture, Japan

Fukushima

Seki

2004

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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“…This result indicates that shellfish and fish are frequently contaminated with Vibrio in the summer season. Indeed, ecological studies have shown often isolation of V. vulnificus from whole bodies of shellfish, such as Batillus cornutus or Crassostrea nippona , and gills of fish including Konosirus punctatus, Mugil cephalus cephalus or Carassius cuvieri 11,12 …”

Section: Vibrio Vulnificus Infections In Japanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, ecological studies have shown often isolation of V. vulnificus from whole bodies of shellfish, such as Batillus cornutus or Crassostrea nippona, and gills of fish including Konosirus punctatus, Mugil cephalus cephalus or Carassius cuvieri. 11,12 Vibrio vulnificus infection is not frequent in Japan. From 1976 to 1997, only a total of 93 cases have been reported in medical journals.…”

Section: Vibrio Vulnificus Infections In Japanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibrio vulnificus infection and metalloprotease

Miyoshi

2006

The Journal of Dermatology

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Vibrio vulnificus is ubiquitous in aquatic environments; however, it occasionally causes serious and often fatal infections in humans. These include invasive septicemia contracted through consumption of raw seafood, as well as wound infections acquired through contact with brackish or marine waters. In most cases of septicemia, the patients have underlying disease(s), such as liver dysfunction or alcoholic cirrhosis, and the secondary skin lesions including cellulitis, edema and hemorrhagic bulla appear on the limbs. Although V. Vul produces various virulent factors including polysaccharide capsule, type IV pili, hemolysin and proteolytic enzymes, the 45-kDa metalloprotease may be a causative factor of the skin lesions, because the purified protease enhances vascular permeability through generation of chemical mediators and also induces serious hemorrhagic damage through digestion of the vascular basement membrane. As well as other bacteria, V. Vul can regulate the protease production through the quorum-sensing system depending on bacterial cell density. However, this system operates efficiently at 25 degrees C, but not at 37 degrees C. Therefore, V. vulnificus may produce sufficient amounts of the protease only in the interstitial tissue of the limbs, in which temperature is lower than the internal temperature of the human body.

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Seafood

Arvanitoyannis

Varzakas

2009

HACCP and ISO 22000

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Basic Studies on Vibrio vulnificus Infection: Isolation of V. vulnificus from Sea Water, Sea Mud, and Oysters

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

Ecology of Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in brackish environments of the Sada River in Shimane Prefecture, Japan

Ecology of Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in brackish environments of the Sada River in Shimane Prefecture, Japan

Vibrio vulnificus infection and metalloprotease

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