Basic Processes of Gaseous Electronics

Loeb, Leonard B.

doi:10.1525/9780520348936

Cited by 355 publications

(92 citation statements)

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“…The ionization cell required about 24 hours to achieve steady-state conditions, probably because of an observed (30,31,41) phenomenon typical of ionization saturation stress current of the insulation materials of the detector. The insulators were treated with an ultrasonic cleaner to help minimize the time to reach steady state.…”

Section: Experimental Methods and Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of gaseous diffusion coefficients for dilute and moderately dense gases by perturbation chromatography

Hu¹,

Kobayashi²

1970

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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Section: Experimental Methods and Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of gaseous diffusion coefficients for dilute and moderately dense gases by perturbation chromatography

Hu¹,

Kobayashi²

1970

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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“…The results are presented in Figure 12. Values of (y¡ -)/DeE2 were obtained from Brown (1956), ue is given by Hake and Phelps (1967), and u + has been tabulated by Varney (Loeb, 1961). Brown (1959) obtained good agreement between his experimental data for (i/¡va )/DeE2 and computations based on eq 39.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Amentioning

confidence: 95%

A Model and Apparatus for Electrical Discharge Experiments

Flamm¹

1975

Ind. Eng. Chem. Fund.

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“…However, the values for α differ tremendously when temperatures are lower than 273.15 K and pressures are lower than 1013 hPa, as Lenz (1932) has already shown. Loeb (1960) pointed out that before the 1950s, measurement techniques were not sophisticated enough and gases not pure enough to be able to determine the ion-ion recombination accurately. In any case, a correct value for α is crucial for the analysis of field data and the calculations of atmospheric models at higher altitudes in the atmosphere where the temperatures and pressures are different from those at ground level.…”

Section: The Fundamental Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In his approach, recombination occurs when the two oppositely charged ions each collide with a neutral molecule of the surrounding gas within a certain sphere d T around the respective ions. It is defined as the sphere in which the ions of opposite signs experience Coulomb attraction (Loeb, 1960); thus, it can be derived from equalising the Coulomb potential energy, e 2 (4πε 0 d T ) −1 , and the thermal energy of motion from the surrounding molecules and ions in the absence of an electrical field, 1.5 k B T (Loeb, 1960), as shown in Eq. ( 3):…”

Section: The Fundamental Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ion–ion recombination coefficient α: comparison of temperature- and pressure-dependent parameterisations for the troposphere and stratosphere

2022

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Abstract. Many different atmospheric, physical, and chemical processes are affected by ions. An important sink for atmospheric ions is the reaction and mutual neutralisation of a positive and negative ion, also called ion–ion recombination. While the value for the ion–ion recombination coefficient α is well-known for standard conditions (namely 1.7 × 10−6 cm3 s−1), it needs to be calculated for deviating temperature and pressure conditions, especially for applications at higher altitudes of the atmosphere. In this work, we review the history of theories and parameterisations of the ion–ion recombination coefficient, focussing on the temperature and pressure dependencies as well as the altitude range between 0 and 50 km. Commencing with theories based on J. J. Thomson's work, we describe important semi-empirical adjustments as well as field, model, and laboratory data sets, followed by short reviews of binary recombination theories, model simulations, and the application of ion–aerosol theories to ion–ion recombination. We present a comparison between theories, parameterisations, and field, model, and laboratory data sets to conclude favourable parameterisations. While many theories agree well with field data above an altitude of approximately 10 km, the nature of the recombination coefficient is still widely unknown between Earth's surface and an altitude of 10 km. According to the current state of knowledge, it appears reasonable to assume an almost constant value for the recombination coefficient for this region, while it is necessary to use values that are adjusted for pressure and temperature for altitudes above 10 km. Suitable parameterisations for different altitude ranges are presented and the need for future research, be it in the laboratory or by means of modelling, is identified.

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Basic Processes of Gaseous Electronics

Cited by 355 publications

References 0 publications

Measurements of gaseous diffusion coefficients for dilute and moderately dense gases by perturbation chromatography

Measurements of gaseous diffusion coefficients for dilute and moderately dense gases by perturbation chromatography

A Model and Apparatus for Electrical Discharge Experiments

The ion–ion recombination coefficient α: comparison of temperature- and pressure-dependent parameterisations for the troposphere and stratosphere

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