Basic Principles of LAS Biodegradation

Schöberl, P.

doi:10.1515/tsd-1989-260209

Cited by 128 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…After completion of the experiment, phospholipid analysis of the column sediments determined that sediment-bound biomass also increased 2.4 times over the background concentration of 1 × 10 7 cell/g sediment but only in the top 3 cm of the column. The longer alkyl chain LAS homologues and external isomers initially were preferentially biodegraded and had higher removal rates (data not shown), which is consistent with previous laboratory studies (9,12,34). Dissolved oxygen concentration in the column effluent decreased from 8 to 4 mg/L.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Phospholipid analysis of the variable-oxygen column sediments after day 83 indicated that the sediment-bound biomass increased 3.5 times over the background value (1 × 10 7 cells/g sediment) during the 83-day experiment but only in the first 3 cm of the column, as was observed in the aerobic column. Other laboratory studies reported that bacterial acclimation to LAS is necessary before biodegradation begins; the induction of enzymes necessary for ω-oxidation is presumed to occur during the acclimation period ( , ). However, the sewage-contaminated sediments and groundwater used in these experiments had prior exposure to low LAS concentrations (10 μg/L) at 1 mg/L dissolved oxygen concentration, which suggests that the observed lag was more likely due to an initially low number of LAS-degrading bacteria rather than to enzyme induction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of its widespread use and subsequent disposal in wastewater, LAS and its biodegradation products are present in domestic sewage influents and effluents discharged to surface waters or groundwater (2)(3)(4)(5)(6). As a result, the occurrence and fate of LAS in the environment have been the focus of numerous inves-tigations (3,4,(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). Several studies report that LAS is readily biodegraded under aerobic conditions such as those that exist during sewage treatment and in surface waters (3,9,10,(12)(13)(14) with half-lives in the range of 1-2 days for activated sludges, river waters, and sediments and 10-20 days for surface and subsurface soils (10,14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, the occurrence and fate of LAS in the environment have been the focus of numerous inves-tigations (3,4,(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). Several studies report that LAS is readily biodegraded under aerobic conditions such as those that exist during sewage treatment and in surface waters (3,9,10,(12)(13)(14) with half-lives in the range of 1-2 days for activated sludges, river waters, and sediments and 10-20 days for surface and subsurface soils (10,14). In contrast, LAS persists in oxygen-depleted environments (<0.1 mg/L dissolved oxygen) which can occur in anaerobic sewage-sludge digestors (17) and sewage-contaminated groundwater (4,8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodegradation of the Surfactant Linear Alkylbenzenesulfonate in Sewage-Contaminated Groundwater: A Comparison of Column Experiments and Field Tracer Tests

Krueger

Radakovich

Sawyer

et al. 1998

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Transport and biodegradation of linear alkylbenzenesulfonate (LAS) in sewage-contaminated groundwater were investigated for a range of dissolved oxygen concentrations. Both laboratory column and an 80-day continuous injection tracer test field experiments were conducted. The rates of LAS biodegradation increased with increasing dissolved oxygen concentrations and indicated the preferential biodegradation of the longer alkyl chain LAS homologues (i.e., C12 and C13) and external isomers (i.e., 2- and 3-phenyl). However, for similar dissolved oxygen concentrations, mass removal rates for LAS generally were 2−3 times greater in laboratory column experiments than in the field tracer test. Under low oxygen conditions (<1 mg/L) only a fraction of the LAS mixture biodegraded in both laboratory and field experiments. Biodegradation rate constants for the continuous injection field test (0.002−0.08 day-1) were comparable to those estimated for a 3-h injection (pulsed) tracer test conducted under similar biogeochemical conditions, indicating that increasing the exposure time of aquifer sediments to LAS did not increase biodegradation rates.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Biodegradation of the Surfactant Linear Alkylbenzenesulfonate in Sewage-Contaminated Groundwater: A Comparison of Column Experiments and Field Tracer Tests

Krueger

Radakovich

Sawyer

et al. 1998

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The existence of an intense biodegradation in waters of the Bay of Ca ´diz has been demonstrated in a previous study (20), in which high concentrations of long-chain (11 > n > 7) sulfophenylcarboxylic acids (SPC) were discovered; the relative values of these were consistent with the mechanisms proposed by Scho ¨berl (24), for the first stages of the degradation of LAS.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Fate and Distribution of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonates in the Littoral Environment

González-Mazo

Forja

Gómez-Parra

1998

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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A study was conducted of the fate and behavior of LAS in a shallow coastal zone adjoining the Bay of Ca ´diz (southwest of Spain). The area is subjected to strong tidal currents and receives directly the discharge of untreated wastewaters of a population of about 100 000 inhabitants. LAS showed a nonconservative behavior due to intense biodegradation and due to sorption and settling of material in suspension. The sorption to suspended matter affects the way in which its dispersion takes place in zones with high turbidity, since this fraction may represent up to 60% of the total quantity present in the medium. The surfactant character of LAS is also illustrated by a strong sorption at the water-atmosphere interface. In zones close to urban effluent discharge points, this translates into a steep vertical gradient in the LAS concentration, with values found in the top 3-5 mm of water depth some 2 orders of magnitude greater than those found at a depth of 0.5 m. Over a large part of the area studied, the LAS concentration in the sediment and in the water column can be described by means of the Freundlich's equation.

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Fate studies of the non-ionic surfactant alkyl glucamide by liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry

Eichhorn

Knepper

2000

J. Mass Spectrom.

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Alkyl glucamides (AGs) were analyzed by reversed‐phase liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (ESMS). Analytes were separated according to the chain length of two homologs, C12‐ and C14‐glucamide. Mass spectrometric detection in the positive ion mode exhibited higher overall sensitivity where, apart from fragments, different molecular and quasi‐molecular ions were obtained. However, application of the negative ion mode offered advantages in terms of reproducibility and extent of information when analyzing environmental samples. Therefore, a simple and sensitive analytical methodology was developed for the determination of AGs in municipal sewage treatment plant influent and effluent based on solid‐phase enrichment, LC separation and negative ion ESMS quantification. After preconcentration of 100 ml of aqueous sample, the recoveries using polymeric LiChrolut EN cartridges exceeded 89%. A quantification limit of 0.1 µg l−1 was achieved. Studies on the biodegradability and metabolic pathway of C10‐glucamide were carried out on a laboratory‐scale microbial test unit under aerobic conditions. A postulated metabolism including ω‐oxidation of the alkyl chain followed by subsequent β‐oxidations was checked by LC/ESMS. Identification and formation of ‘C4‐glucamide acid’ as a degradation intermediate was confirmed by mass spectrometric studies. Higher homolog acids such as C10‐, C8‐ and C6‐glucamide acids, which should be predicted precursors of C4‐glucamide acid, and any other metabolites, were not detectable, presumably owing to rapid breakdown. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Basic Principles of LAS Biodegradation

Cited by 128 publications

References 0 publications

Biodegradation of the Surfactant Linear Alkylbenzenesulfonate in Sewage-Contaminated Groundwater: A Comparison of Column Experiments and Field Tracer Tests

Biodegradation of the Surfactant Linear Alkylbenzenesulfonate in Sewage-Contaminated Groundwater: A Comparison of Column Experiments and Field Tracer Tests

Fate and Distribution of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonates in the Littoral Environment

Fate studies of the non-ionic surfactant alkyl glucamide by liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry

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