Basic principles of drug--excipients interactions

Vranić, Edina

doi:10.17305/bjbms.2004.3421

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…A drug contains excipients in addition to the APIs. These excipients can interact with APIs to enhance or compromise the activity of the APIs [ 38 ]. It is therefore a possibility that even when the APIs meet the recommended limit, the excipients may not.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Antimalarial Treatment Failure in Ebonyi State, Southeast Nigeria

Egwu¹,

Aloke

Chukwu

et al. 2023

JoX

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The fight against malaria is a continuum as the epidemic is not abating. For proper deployment of tools in the fight against malaria, an assessment of the situation is necessary. This work assessed the level of antimalarial drug treatment failure in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Both survey and in vitro analyses were adopted. The survey was used to obtain qualitative information from both the malaria subjects and the pharmacies where antimalarial drugs are sourced. The results from the survey were complemented by an in vitro assay of the level of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in the commonly used artemisinin combination in Nigeria; artemether/lumefantrine. Results from the survey revealed that artemisinin combination therapies (ACTs) remain the mainstay in the treatment of malaria, even though other non-artemisinin drugs are still used. It also revealed that many patients still self-medicate, although, this may not be connected to the treatment failure seen among some malaria subjects. The in vitro assay showed that ACT contains the right quantity of APIs. Further surveillance is, therefore, necessary to understand the real cause of treatment failure among malaria subjects in Nigeria.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Antimalarial Treatment Failure in Ebonyi State, Southeast Nigeria

Egwu¹,

Aloke

Chukwu

et al. 2023

JoX

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“…Twelve combinations of hydrogel preparations were taken into considerations as given in table 1. Drug-excipient interaction is a very important study prior to the development of a new formulation [32]. Among the various methodologies available to study the drug-excipient interaction, common approaches are FTIR-spectroscopy UV Spectrophotometer.…”

Section: Ftir Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Evaluation of Hydrogel of an Anti-Fungal Drug

BHATTACHARYA,

PAUL,

BISWAS

2023

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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Objective: Topical gel preparations are used for application on skin or to certain mucosal surfaces for local action or for their emollient or protective action. Topical delivery of drugs can be achieved by incorporating drugs into the hydrogel matrix for effective delivery of drugs, thus avoiding first-pass metabolism and for increased local action in pain management and skin diseases. Methods: Hydrogel is a network of polymer chains that are hydrophilic, sometimes found as a colloidal gel in which water is the dispersion medium. Miconazole nitrate (MN) is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent of the imidazole group. It has been selected as a model drug for the preparation of hydrogel. For the preparation of hydrogel, Carbopol of different grades like 934p, 971p, and 974p have been selected. Drug–polymer interaction has been carried out by FT-IR spectroscopy. Standard curve of miconazole nitrate was prepared in phosphate buffer pH 5.5 and 7.4. Physico-chemical characteristics of the hydrogel, like pH, viscosity and % swelling index, were studied. % cumulative drug permeation study through dialysis membrane was done in phosphate buffer pH 7.4. Results: The results were found to be satisfactory. Carbopols have been used in different ratios to get a number of formulations. Out of these, nine formulations have been chosen by their satisfactory physicochemical characteristics and used for the study. The average pH, viscosity, % swelling index and drug content were found to be 7.36, 1.09 x 100 cps, 23.1 and 98.36 %, respectively. Drug permeation kinetics through the dialysis membrane has been done in a Franz diffusion cell at phosphate buffer pH-7.4. The permeation of Miconazole Nitrate through the dialysis membrane was maximum in F1 and minimum in F9. The drug permeation through the dialysis membrane followed zero-order kinetics. Conclusion: A sharp correlation between the % swelling index and the Cumulative % of drug permeated through the dialysis membrane has been found. With the increase in the % swelling index over a period of 6 h the permeation decreased; thus, the swelling of the formulations is responsible to inhibit the permeation of Miconazole Nitrate through the skin.

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