Basic principles and techniques for transrectal ultrasonography in cattle and horses

Pierson, R.A.; Kastelic, John P.; Ginther, O.J.

doi:10.1016/0093-691x(88)90028-3

Cited by 63 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…greater than 20,000 Hz [18]. Detailed reviews of basic principles of transrectal ultrasonography have been reported [18][19][20][21]. Briefly, ultrasonography utilizes high frequency sound waves to produce cross sectional images of the tissues and internal organs.…”

Section: Principles Of Ultrasonographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine Reproductive Ultrasonography: A Review

Ribadu

Nakao

1999

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. The advent of ultrasonography over a decade ago has contributed tremendously in the field of bovine reproduction. Ultrasound imaging has shown that cattle exhibit 2 or 3 waves of follicular development during an estrous cycle. Ultrasonography allows monitoring of individual follicles as they grow and/or regress over time and patterns of follicular development can thus be determined with relative precision. Other important applications of ultrasonography in bovine reproduction includes; pregnancy diagnosis, fetal sex determination, folliculocenteses, diagnosis of abnormalities of the reproductive organs, monitoring of treatment of ovarian cysts, monitoring of postpartum genital resumption, ultrasound-guided centesis and male genital ultrasonography. Recent applications of ultrasonography in bovine reproduction includes doppler ultrasonography for genital blood flow and mammary ultrasonography. The use of ultrasonography is indispensable in most studies in which morphology (structure) and function are correlated. In this paper, the literature pertaining to the use of ultrasonography in bovine reproduction is reviewed. The applications and limitations of ultrasonography are highlighted. The non-invasive nature of ultrasonography makes it an excellent clinical and research tool in bovine reproduction.

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Section: Principles Of Ultrasonographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine Reproductive Ultrasonography: A Review

Ribadu

Nakao

1999

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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“…Veteriner pratikde B-model ultrasound'un kullanımı, fiatının pahalı olması nedeniyle sınırlıdır. Ancak A-model ultrasound' a kıyasla daha erken dönemde gebelik teşhisi yapılabilmesi, daha güvenilir sonuçlar vermesi, fötüs canlılığını saptaması, üreme organlarının hastalıklarını teşhis etınede kullanılabilmesi ve büyükbaş hayvanlarda ovaryum faaliyetlerini izleyebilmek gibi üstünlükleri vardır (5,20,36,37).…”

Section: Tartışma Ve Sonuçunclassified

“…Aynı zamanda bir alıcı görevi gören transüder tarafından geri alınarak elektrik impulslarına dönüştürülür. Bu impulslar, kullanılan ultrasound'un tipine göre, bir çevirici yardımıyla, ya insan kulağının duyabileceği ses'e dönüştürülür, veya bir yazıcı tarafından özel kağıda kaydedilebilir ya da bir monitörde tek ya da iki boyutlu olarak izlenebilir (8,9,13,20,36,38).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

KOYUNLARDA ULTRASONtKYÖNTEMLER VE PLAZMA ÖSTROl'; SÜLFAT SEVIYESININ ÖLÇÜLMESIYLE GEBELİK TANısı ORANLARININ KARŞILAŞTIRILMALI OLARAK jNCELE:"MESİ

Dinç¹,

Taverne²,

Oord³

1989

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi

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“…Follicular wave emergence was defined retrospectively as the day when the dominant follicle was first identified at a diameter of 4 or 5 mm [48,57]. If the dominant follicle was not identified until it reached 6 or 7 mm, the previous day was considered the day of follicular wave emergence [163]. The dominant follicle of a wave was defined as the largest antral follicle of that wave after deviation, and the first subordinate follicle as the second largest antral follicle originated from the same wave [146].…”

Section: Ovarian Ultrasonographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor on ovarian function in cattle

Yapura

Mapletoft

Singh

et al. 2012

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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Two studies were designed to characterize the effects of a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor, letrozole, on ovarian function in cattle. The specific objective was to test the hypothesis that letrozole will arrest dominant follicle growth resulting in emergence of a new follicular wave at a predictable interval post-treatment. In a first experiment, postpubertal beef heifers were assigned randomly to four treatment groups and given phosphate-buffered saline (controls; n=10), or letrozole at a dose of 500 (n=9), 250 (n=10), or 125 (n=10) µg/kg intravenously 4 days after follicular ablation (~2.5 days after wave emergence). In a second study, postpubertal beef heifers were assigned randomly to four treatment groups. One group received no treatment (control; n=17) and the other groups (n=9-10) were given 85 µg/kg of letrozole per day (250 µg/kg total dose), from Days 1 to 3, Days 3 to 5, or Days 5 to 7 (Day 0 = pre-treatment ovulation,) corresponding to the periods before, during and after selection of the dominant follicle, respectively. Follicular dynamics were monitored ultrasonically and blood samples were collected for endocrine assays. Follicle diameter profiles and plasma LH, FSH, and estradiol concentrations were analyzed. Additionally, during the second trial, CL diameter profiles and plasma progesterone concentrations were measured. In both studies, the diameter profile of the dominant follicle was larger in heifers treated with letrozole than in control heifers (P<0.05) and the intervals to new wave emergence and onset of regression of the extant dominant follicle were longer (P<0.05) in heifers treated with letrozole than in controls, regardless of the dose (high, medium, or low; single vs multiple) and the stage of the follicle wave in which treatments were initiated. Furthermore, during the second experiment, the mean CL diameter was larger in letrozole-treated heifers, although there were no differences in plasma progesterone iii concentrations between treated and control animals. The effects on dominant follicle and CL diameter profiles appeared to be the result of the significantly increased plasma LH concentrations observed in letrozole-treated animals during both treatment approaches (single vs multiple dose). Incomplete and inconsistent inhibition of estradiol production and the lack of a surge on FSH observed in both experiments may be a result of insufficient circulating levels of letrozole during the treatment period. In summary, a single or multiple dose of letrozole did not induce regression of the extant dominant follicle, nor did it directly affect FSH release.Conversely, letrozole extended the lifespan of the dominant follicle, in association with increased endogenous levels of LH, thereby delaying the next FSH surge and subsequent follicular wave emergence. Results suggest that letrozole has potential as a non-steroidal method for controlling ovarian function in cattle, but further studies are warranted to clarify dosage and timing of treatment to predictably affect follicular wa...

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Basic principles and techniques for transrectal ultrasonography in cattle and horses

Cited by 63 publications

References 11 publications

Bovine Reproductive Ultrasonography: A Review

Bovine Reproductive Ultrasonography: A Review

KOYUNLARDA ULTRASONtKYÖNTEMLER VE PLAZMA ÖSTROl'; SÜLFAT SEVIYESININ ÖLÇÜLMESIYLE GEBELİK TANısı ORANLARININ KARŞILAŞTIRILMALI OLARAK jNCELE:"MESİ

Effects of a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor on ovarian function in cattle

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