Basic morphological characteristics of coracoid grafts obtained by open and arthroscopic Latarjet techniques: A comparative study

Abstract

Background: A knowledge of the anthropometric characteristics of the coracoid graft (CG) that can be obtained by the open and arthroscopic Latarjet techniques may be beneficial in the preoperative planning and intraoperative decision making for coracoid osteotomy and transfer. We have not found any study that compared the morphology of the CG that can be obtained from open and arthroscopic Latarjet techniques. The purpose of this study was to verify if the basic anthropometric characteristics of CGs are equivalent. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that the basic anthropometric characteristics of the CGs are similar. Methods: Twenty fresh-frozen human paired cadaveric shoulder specimens that had been randomly distributed in two groups of 10 specimens each were used. Two surgeons, each with experience in performing the open and arthroscopic Latarjet technique, performed these procedures in each of the respective groups (OG, open group; AG, arthroscopic group). A CT scan was performed. Using the volume rendering technique, a metric analysis of the volume, area and length of the CG were performed, evaluated and statistically analysed. Results: There were no significant differences in length (p = 0.162) (mean length, 22.6 mm for OG and 23.6 mm for AG). There were significant differences in the volume (p = 0.031) and area (p = 0.007) of the CG, being lower in the OG (mean volume, 2.8 cm 3 for OG and 3.6 cm 3 for AG; mean area, 9.9 cm 2 for OG and 12.8 cm 2 for AG). No significant differences were observed by sex or laterality. Conclusion:The mean lengths of the CGs that were obtained by each technique are equivalent. However, the areas and volumes of the grafts are different, being lower in the open surgery. These differences have not been an impediment to perform the technique. Our results corroborates that consolidation is more related to the preparation and placement than to the anthropometric characteristics of the CG. No significant differences were observed by sex or laterality. Level of evidence: Basic Science.