Basic Information About Tropical Peatland Ecosystems

Osaki, Mitsuru; Kato, Tsuyoshi; Kohyama, Takashi; Takahashi, Hidenori; Haraguchi, Akira; Yabe, Kazuo; Tsuji, Naoto; Shiodera, Satomi; Rahajoe, Joeni Setijo; Atikah, Tika Dewi; Oide, Ayako H.; Matsui, Kiyoshi; Wetadewi, Rahmawati I.; Silsigia, Sisva

doi:10.1007/978-981-33-4654-3_1

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…This delicate balance facilitates the gradual formation and stabilization of peatland ecosystems. Four pivotal factors are integral to this process: a sustained influx of organic material, regular water supply, nutrient-poor conditions, and a topographical configuration that provides a basin for organic matter accumulation and water retention [16,17].…”

Section: Development Of Tropical Peatlands In Indonesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rainwater, the main source of water input, contains few nutrients. The water supply shaping the characteristics of Indonesian peatlands may differ from those in tropical peatlands in the Congo and Amazon regions [17]. The scarcity of nutrients, along with the anoxic conditions, curtails microbial activity, thereby further reducing the rate of organic matter decomposition.…”

Section: Development Of Tropical Peatlands In Indonesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress towards adopting low-carbon agriculture on peatlands for sustainable development in Indonesia

Fawzi,

Nabillah,

Suwardi

et al. 2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Indonesia, progressing towards sustainable development, faces the complex task of transitioning to low-carbon agriculture in peatlands, an essential part of broader sustainable objectives. Under the Paris Agreement, it targets a conditional 41% emission reduction, focusing on minimizing emissions from peat decomposition and fires within agricultural practices in peatlands. This paper explores the complexities and progress of low-carbon agriculture in peatlands, underscoring its significance in the larger sustainable development agenda. Our study reveals that current strategies to reduce carbon emissions in peatlands aim at restoring their natural waterlogged conditions. Yet, progress is hindered mainly due to an inadequate understanding of greenhouse gas emissions from peatlands and overlooking their unique features, which leads to overestimated emissions from agricultural use. For improved strategies, it’s important to analyze successful existing sustainable practices and enhance understanding of peatland ecology. Techniques like the “Water Management Trinity,” implemented since 1986, and eco-management emphasize the importance of using permanent water gates to maintain water levels optimal for both peat preservation and crop production. Over time, these practices modify peatland attributes, making emissions comparable to those from mineral soil, thus rendering low-carbon agriculture attainable. It’s vital for stakeholders to assess emissions with updated data, incorporating detailed information on peatland characteristics and emissions. The journey towards low-carbon agriculture in Indonesia’s peatlands is a complex endeavor necessitating the amalgamation of scientific research, sustainable practices, and socio-economic development. Adopting a holistic approach can strike a balance between agricultural productivity, peatland conservation, and climate change mitigation, fulfilling sustainable development goals in Indonesia and globally.

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Section: Development Of Tropical Peatlands In Indonesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Development Of Tropical Peatlands In Indonesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress towards adopting low-carbon agriculture on peatlands for sustainable development in Indonesia

Fawzi,

Nabillah,

Suwardi

et al. 2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…It is mostly accepted that water table depth (Hoyos-Santillan et al, 2019;Hoyt et al, 2019;Cobb et al, 2017), temperature (Hirano et al, 2009;Girkin et al, 2020), substrate availability, and associated links with the dominant vegetation type (Wright et al, 2013(Wright et al, , 2011Upton et al, 2018), are strong controls on atmospheric emissions from tropical peatlands. Furthermore, surface vegetation plays an important role in the release of C by several processes, including being the biological origin of the peat matrix, which is composed primarily of lignin rich fibrous material in woody tropical peatlands, and determining labile C inputs in the form of decomposing plant tissues or root exudates (Osaki et al, 2021;Girkin et al, 2018b;Lampela et al, 2014). The majority of studies conducted in tropical peatlands have focused on the top 30 cm of the peat column; these depths are not only more accessible and easier to measure, but they are assumed to contribute the majority of emissions (Sjögersten et al, 2011;Jauhiainen et al, 2005; https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1279 Preprint.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From the Top: Surface-derived Carbon Fuels Greenhouse Gas Production at Depth in a Neotropical Peatland

Hedgpeth,

Hoyt,

Cavanaugh

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Abstract. Tropical peatlands play an important role in global carbon (C) cycling but little is known about factors driving carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions from these ecosystems, especially production below the surface. This study aimed to identify source material and processes regulating C emissions from deep in a Neotropical peatland on the Caribbean coast of Panama. We hypothesized that: 1) surface derived organic matter transported down the soil profile is the primary C source for respiration products at depth and 2) high lignin content results in hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis as the dominant CH4 production pathway throughout the profile. We used radiocarbon isotopes to determine whether CO2 and CH4 at depth (measured to 2 m) are produced from modern substrates or ancient deep peat, and we used stable C isotopes to identify the dominant CH4 production pathway. Peat organic chemistry was characterized using 13C solid state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C-NMR). We found that deep peat respiration products had radiocarbon signatures that were more similar to surface dissolved organic C (DOC) than deep solid peat. Radiocarbon ages for deep peat ranged from 1200 – 1800 yrBP at the sites measured. These results indicate that surface derived C was the dominant source for gas production at depth in this peatland, likely because of vertical transport of DOC from the surface to depth. Carbohydrates did not vary with depth across these sites, whereas lignin, which was the most abundant compound (55–70 % of C), tended to increase with depth. These results suggest that there is no preferential decomposition of carbohydrates, but preferential retention of lignin. Stable isotope signatures of respiration products indicated that hydrogenotrophic rather than acetoclastic methanogenesis was the dominant production pathway of CH4 throughout the peat profile. These results suggest, even C compounds that are typically considered vulnerable to decomposition (i.e., carbohydrates) are preserved deep in these tropical peats, highlighting the importance of anaerobic, waterlogged conditions for preserving tropical peatland C.

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“…Conventional methods of direct water sprinkling are not an adequate solution for extinguishing embers in peatlands. Integrative solutions must be taken, starting with protecting the peatland ecosystem and maintaining water balance [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of few layers graphene addition, aggregate size, and water acidity on the compressive strength and morphology of cellular lightweight concrete

Amri,

Wulandari,

Novrianda

et al. 2023

E3S Web Conf.

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Cellular Lightweight Concrete (CLC) with the addition of Few Layers Graphene (FLG) has been fabricated and characterized for canal blocks application. The CLC-FLG composite was made by mixing fine agregate (sand), cement, fly ash, water, and FLG. The compressive strength properties of the composite was tested using a digital compressive strength test to determine the effects of FLG addition, sand size gradations, and environmental acidity on the compressive strength of the composite. Meanwhile, the composite morphology was examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The increase in FLG content and concentrations increased the compressive strength. The highest compressive strength was shown by the composite with the highest FLG addition (15%) and without sand size gradation, namely 5.19 Mpa or there was an increase of 15.6% compared to CLC without the addition of FLG. The level of water acidity relatively did not affected the compressive strength of CLC-FLG composite. Morphological analysis showed that the addition of FLG resulted in a denser structure and reduced porosity of CLC. The CLC-FLG composite can be used as canal blocks materials for peatland restoration.

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Basic Information About Tropical Peatland Ecosystems

Cited by 11 publications

References 124 publications

Progress towards adopting low-carbon agriculture on peatlands for sustainable development in Indonesia

Progress towards adopting low-carbon agriculture on peatlands for sustainable development in Indonesia

From the Top: Surface-derived Carbon Fuels Greenhouse Gas Production at Depth in a Neotropical Peatland

Effects of few layers graphene addition, aggregate size, and water acidity on the compressive strength and morphology of cellular lightweight concrete

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