Basic Edta as an Extractant for Soil Organic Phosphorus

Bowman, R. A.; Moir, J.O.

doi:10.2136/sssaj1993.03615995005700060020x

Cited by 176 publications

(111 citation statements)

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Section: Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This was an adaptation of the original method (Bowman and Moir, 1993), which involved a 2 h extraction at 85°C. It is assumed that NaOH-EDTA quantitatively recovers organic phosphorus from soil (Bowman and Moir, 1993;Turner et al, 2005a), although there is no direct method with which to confirm this. The ignition procedure provides an alternative estimate of soil organic phosphorus, but is inappropriate for well-weathered tropical soils due to marked increases in the solubility of inorganic phosphorus following ignition (Condron et al, 1990).…”

Section: Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent advances in methodology for solution 31 P NMR spectroscopy of alkaline soil extracts include improvements in signal identification (Makarov et al, 2002;Turner et al, 2003a;Turner and Richardson, 2004) and the development of a quantitative extraction procedure (Bowman and Moir, 1993;Cade-Menun and Preston, 1996). Soil organic phosphorus can therefore now be quantified and speciated more accurately than was previously possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organic phosphorus in Madagascan rice soils

Turner

2006

Geoderma

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Section: Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organic phosphorus in Madagascan rice soils

Turner

2006

Geoderma

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“…Phosphorus is, after nitrogen, the most limiting soil nutrient for agricultural crops and plays an important role in the overall functioning of the agro-ecosystems (Bowman and Moir, 1993;Wei et al, 2014). To increase or maintain crop productivity, P in the form of synthetic and animal-based fertilizer is applied to arable soils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speciation and distribution of P associated with Fe and Al oxides in aggregate-sized fraction of an arable soil

Jiang¹,

Bol²,

Willbold³

et al. 2015

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. To maximize crop productivity fertilizer P is generally applied to arable soils, a significant proportion of which becomes stabilized by mineral components and in part subsequently becomes unavailable to plants. However, little is known about the relative contributions of the different organic and inorganic P bound to Fe/Al oxides in the smaller soil particles. Alkaline (NaOH-Na 2 EDTA) extraction with solution 31 P-nuclear magnetic resonance ( 31 P-NMR) spectroscopy is considered a reliable method for extracting and quantifying organic P and (some) inorganic P. However, any so-called residual P after the alkaline extraction has remained unidentified. Therefore, in the present study, the amorphous (a) and crystalline (c) Fe/Al oxide minerals and related P in soil aggregate-sized fractions (> 20, 2-20, 0.45-2 and < 0.45 µm) were specifically extracted by oxalate (a-Fe/Al oxides) and dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB, both a-and c-Fe/Al oxides). These soil aggregate-sized fractions with and without the oxalate and DCB pre-treatments were then sequentially extracted by alkaline extraction prior to solution 31 P-NMR spectroscopy. This was done to quantify the P associated with a-and c-Fe/Al oxides in both alkaline extraction and the residual P of different soil aggregate-sized fractions.The results showed that overall P contents increased with decreasing size of the soil aggregate-sized fractions. However, the relative distribution and speciation of varying P forms were found to be independent of soil aggregate-size. The majority of alkaline-extractable P was in the a-Fe/Al oxide fraction (42-47 % of total P), most of which was orthophosphate (36-41 % of total P). Furthermore, still significant amounts of particularly monoester P were bound to these oxides. Intriguingly, however, Fe/Al oxides were not the main bonding sites for pyrophosphate. Residual P contained similar amounts of total P associated with both a-(11-15 % of total P) and c-Fe oxides (7-13 % of total P) in various aggregate-sized fractions, suggesting that it was likely occluded within the a-and c-Fe oxides in soil. This implies that, with the dissolution of Fe oxides, this P may be released and thus available for plants and microbial communities.

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“…Recoveries were generally greatest in the surface sediment layers and decreased with depth. Low recoveries, particularly for Lake Okeechobee and in deeper sediment layers, likely reflect the relative absence of organic P in the sediments, because the NaOH-EDTA extraction is designed to recover organic and condensed P forms and not stable inorganic phosphate (Bowman and Moir 1993;. We interpret recoveries slightly [100 % to the error associated with the two procedures.…”

Section: Solution 31 P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 93%

The Chemical Nature of Phosphorus in Subtropical Lake Sediments

2014

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The phosphorus (P) composition of sediment profiles in three subtropical lakes of contrasting trophic state in Florida, USA, was determined by sequential fractionation and solution 31 P NMR spectroscopy. Sediment from Lake Annie, an oligo-mesotrophic sinkhole with moderately acidic sediment (pH 5.4; loss on ignition 58 %), contained higher total P concentrations than sediment from eutrophic Lake Okeechobee (pH 7.7, loss on ignition 36 %) and hyper-eutrophic Lake Apopka (pH 7.5, loss on ignition 69 %). The chemical nature of sediment P varied markedly among the three lakes, suggesting the predominance of different diagenetic processes. Lake Okeechobee sediment was dominated by inorganic P, indicating the dominance of abiotic reactions; Lake Annie sediment contained abundant organic P throughout the sediment profile, indicating the importance of organic P stabilization at acidic pH; Lake Apopka contained almost half of its sediment P in microbial biomass, indicating the importance of biotic processes in regulating P dynamics. Solution 31 P NMR spectroscopy of NaOH-EDTA extracts revealed that organic P occurred mainly as phosphomonoesters in all lakes. However, sediment from Lake Apopka also contained abundant phosphodiesters and was the only lake to contain detectable concentrations of polyphosphate, perhaps due to a combination of alternating redox conditions and high concentrations of inorganic phosphate and organic carbon. Organic P concentrations determined by sequential fractionation and solution 31 P NMR spectroscopy were similar for all lakes when microbial P was included in values for sequential fractionation. We conclude that the chemical nature of sediment P varies markedly depending on trophic state and can provide important information on the dominant processes controlling P cycling in subtropical lakes.

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Basic Edta as an Extractant for Soil Organic Phosphorus

Cited by 176 publications

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Organic phosphorus in Madagascan rice soils

Organic phosphorus in Madagascan rice soils

Speciation and distribution of P associated with Fe and Al oxides in aggregate-sized fraction of an arable soil

The Chemical Nature of Phosphorus in Subtropical Lake Sediments

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