Basic biochemical mechanisms behind the health benefits of polyphenols

Fraga, César G.; Galleano, Mónica; Verstraeten, Sandra V.; Oteiza, Patricia I.

doi:10.1016/j.mam.2010.09.006

Cited by 609 publications

(443 citation statements)

References 98 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…Polyphenols and other plant compounds are good candidates because they are considered potential therapeutic agents that can be used to prevent or treat obesitymediated inflammation and oxidative stress, as well as other metabolic disease-related health problems such as type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis and hypertension (Fraga et al, 2010). Among the bioactive compounds of plant origin that mediate epigenetic modifications there are agents like genistein (soybean), resveratrol (grapes), curcumin (turmeric), tea catechins (green tea), and sulforaphane (cruciferous vegetables) that have been considered in cancer prevention and therapy (Meeran et al, 2010;Li and Tollefsbol, 2010).…”

Section: Polyphenols and Other Plant Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary factors, epigenetic modifications and obesity outcomes: Progresses and perspectives

Milagro

Mansego

Miguel

et al. 2013

Molecular Aspects of Medicine

252

161

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Nutritional factors play a life-long role in human health. Indeed, there is growing evidence that one of the mechanisms by which nutrients and bioactive compounds affect metabolic traits is epigenetics. Complex interactions among food components and histone modifications, DNA methylation, non-coding RNA expression and chromatin remodeling factors lead to a dynamic regulation of gene expression that controls the cellular phenotype. Although perinatal period is the time of highest phenotypic plasticity, contributing largely to developmental programming, also during adulthood there is evidence about a nutritional influence on epigenetic regulation. Similarly to type 2 diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerosis and other metabolic disorders, obesity predisposition and weight loss outcomes have been repeatedly associated to changes in epigenetic patterns. Different non-nutritional risk factors that usually accompany obesity seem also to be involved in these epigenetic modifications, especially hyperglycemia, inflammation, hypoxia and oxidative stress. There are currently three major objectives in epigenetic research in relation to obesity: to search for epigenetic biomarkers to predict future health problems or detect the individuals at most risk, to understand the obesity-related environmental factors that could modulate gene expression by affecting epigenetic mechanisms, and to study novel therapeutic strategies based on nutritional or pharmacological agents that can modify epigenetic marks. At this level, the major tasks are: development of robust epigenetic biomarkers of weight regulation, description of those epigenetic marks more susceptible to be modified by dietary exposures, identification of the active ingredients (and the doses) that alter the epigenome, assessment of the real importance of other obesity-related factors on epigenetic regulation, determination of the period of life in which best results are obtained, and understanding of the importance of the inheritance of these epigenetic marks.

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Section: Polyphenols and Other Plant Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary factors, epigenetic modifications and obesity outcomes: Progresses and perspectives

Milagro

Mansego

Miguel

et al. 2013

Molecular Aspects of Medicine

252

161

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Plant phenolics and flavonoids are the known antioxidants that reduce the oxidative damage inside the cells (Nordberg and Arnér 2001;Singh et al 2009;Fraga et al 2010). Because of the presence of unique phenylpropanoids, cyanobacteria could be a new source of these secondary metabolites (Xue and He 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant properties and polyphenolic content in terrestrial cyanobacteria

et al. 2017

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Cell-free extracts of twenty terrestrial cyanobacteria were evaluated for their antioxidant properties in terms of free-radical scavenging (DPPH and ABTS) and metal chelating activity and deoxyribose protection. Extract of Anabaena constricta was the most prominent antioxidant agent (IC 50 for DPPH activity 0.91 mg ml -1 , ABTS 0.23 mg ml -1 , deoxyribose protection 0.63 mg ml -1 and Fe ?2 -ion chelating 0.9 mg ml -1 ). The extracts of cyanobacterial species contained high quantity of total phenol and total flavonoid that were supposed to impart prominent antioxidant properties. Cyanobacterial species also showed fairly high PAL activity. We reported varied quantities of polyphenolics gallic, chlorogenic, caffeic, vanillic and ferulic acids and flavonoids rutin, quercetin and kaempferol in cyanobacterial extracts. The presence of these polyphenolics was linked with the free radical scavenging, metal chelating and antioxidative damage protecting properties of the organisms. Cyanobacteria are the most feasible, promising and alternative candidates for searching out new chemical leads for industrial applications in pharmaceuticals, neutraceuticals and biomolecules of importance. Presence of biomolecules such as polyphenolics and their connection with the prominent biological functions (e.g., antioxidant properties) make these organisms a potential source of secondary metabolites with predominant biological activities. Additionally, dominant presence of polyphenols as antioxidant agents in cyanobacterial species may reflect their adaptation strategies against abiotic stresses for their ecological success in different habitats.

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“…The health-promoting effects of vegetable-based diets have been attributed to their rich polyphenol composition (Boots et al 2008;Fraga et al 2010). Quercetin and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) are two of the most abundant polyphenol compounds found in foods as apples, onions, red wine and green tea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quercetin and epigallocatechin gallate effects on the cell membranes biophysical properties correlate with their antioxidant potential

Margină¹,

Ilie²,

Manda³

et al. 2012

gpb

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Abstract. Quercetin and epigallocatechin gallate are two of the most abundant polyphenols in dietary plants, including apples, onions, red wine and green tea. The bioactivity of polyphenols is linked to their ability to interact with cell membranes without being internalized. The aim of the present study was to assess the short-time effect of these polyphenols on membrane anisotropy and transmembrane potential of U937 monocytes and Jurkat T lymphoblasts. Results showed that quercetin and epigallocatechin gallate induced, after 20 minutes cell exposure, a dose-dependent increase of membrane anisotropy and polarization. Anisotropy increase was correlated with the reduction of lipid peroxidation. Our results could indicate that the antioxidant capacity of the tested polyphenols is due to their stabilizing effect on the cell membranes, thus contributing to cell protection in various pathologies and as adjuvant therapy in highly toxic treatment regimens.

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Basic biochemical mechanisms behind the health benefits of polyphenols

Cited by 609 publications

References 98 publications

Dietary factors, epigenetic modifications and obesity outcomes: Progresses and perspectives

Dietary factors, epigenetic modifications and obesity outcomes: Progresses and perspectives

Antioxidant properties and polyphenolic content in terrestrial cyanobacteria

Quercetin and epigallocatechin gallate effects on the cell membranes biophysical properties correlate with their antioxidant potential

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