Basic activity of Neurons in the dark during Somnolence induced by Anesthesia

Abstract

Citation: Etindele Sosso FA, Hito MG, Bern SS (2017) Basic activity of neurons in the dark during somnolence induced by anesthesia. J Neurol Neurosci 8:3. AbstractAim:The first experience modulates the network of integration and memory in the sleeping cortex. Depending on the characteristics of this initial stimulation, the brain adjusts his electrical activity to respond during wake or sleep. This adjustment is different for every sub type of neurons and are influenced by the information drove by stimuli. Pyramidal cells and inhibitory cells behaviours after a short reminder during somnolence or sleep deprivation are still unclear.Materials and methods:Inhibitory interneurons and excitatory pyramidal cells in the primary visual cortex of anesthetized mice were stimulated in the dark after sleep deprivation of 12 hours. Analysis of electrical activity of sub-populations of neurons were performed with electrophysiological recordings.Results: A primary stability was revealed in the firing pattern. In the global sample, the discharge of inhibitory interneurons was the same before and after visual stimulation with induced-anesthesia somnolence. Absence of orientation in the stimuli didn't affected both inhibitory and excitatory activity. The findings also suggested the interplay between primary visual cortex and the short-term plasticity enhances during sleep. Conclusion:The conditions of the neurotransmission during wake or first stage of sleep prepares the mechanism of sleep-dependent plasticity. Stimuli properties affects the perception and memorization of new information, but the consolidation of their information is altered during sleep deprivation.

Hypothesis of Memorisation Process

“…This short-term plasticity process occurs almost immediately after stimulus presentation, within 1 minute; and most of neurons displayed shifts of peaks of oriented tuning curves. In addition to orientation in many animals, similar modifications of optimal stimuli were reported for direction, speed, spatial frequency [9][10][11][12].…”

Insomnia and problematic gaming: a study in 9 low-and middle-incomes countries

“…This complex combination of environmental and psychological stress may contribute to developing neurological dysfunctions, such as sleep disorders. Although some sleep disorders are consequences of cortical imbalances 6 , including insomnia and restless leg syndrome, lifestyle can influence their incidence considerably [7][8][9][10] . New technologies are part of this lifestyle, including the internet and gaming, which may affect mental health and may lead to the development of addictive behavior particularly in young individuals [11][12][13][14] .…”

“…Recently, a negative correlation was found between psychopathological symptoms (i.e., anxiety, depression and stress) and the development of behavioral problems, such as decreases in psychological wellbeing 5,10,28 . It has also been reported that the presence of or exposure to light can disturb the circadian rhythm, the melatonin cycle and cerebral plasticity 6 . To fall asleep, inhibition increases, while excitation decreases.…”

At What Level Lifestyles Influences Sleep Disorders?

“…behavioural insomnia, idiopathic insomnia, or insomnia related to a mental disorder), sleep disorders often have their origins in hygiene of inappropriate life to get a quality sleep and adequate duration. It is strongly correlated with living conditions that are dependent on or influenced by environmental psychobiological risk factors; through its indicators of socio-economic status and environmental stress [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Many studies have established a negative relationship between the presence of predisposing factors to metabolic diseases (such as stroke or cardiovascular disease) and cognitive impairment, accompanied by decreased attention, decreased reflexes engines and the ability to perform multiple tasks.…”