Basement-cover imbrication south of the Main Mantle Thrust, north Pakistan

Treloar, Peter J.; Coward, M. P.; Williams, Mathew P.; Khan, Muhammad Asif

doi:10.1130/spe232-p137

Cited by 36 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…One such area is around Besham in the Swat district, approximately 100 kw NNW of the Tanakki village area, where the northernmost exposed portion of the Indo-Pakistani plate is separated from the overlying Kohistan Arc sequence by a major suture, the Main Mantle Thrust (MMT), (Tahirkheli, 1979;Bard et al, 1980). Around Besham, a crystalline basement of gneisses, coarse-grained schists and granites, the Besham Group, is overlain unconformably by a fine-grained dominantly pelitic sedimentary sequence, the Karora Group, (Coward et al, 1982(Coward et al, , 1986Fletcher, Leake & Haslam 1986;Treloar et al, 1988), allowing two different deformation events to be recognized. The Karora Group has a polymict basal conglomerate in a psammitic pelite matrix, which is overlain by a sequence beginning with graphitic pelite, followed by psammitic pelite, calc pelite and lastly marbles.…”

Section: Correspondence and Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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More evidence of pre-Himalayan orogenesis in Northern Pakistan

1988

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Section: Correspondence and Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of these granites, practically undeformed and fine-grained, cuts the blastomylonites just below the MMT. It must have been intruded late during the Himalayan deformation, (Treloar et al, 1988).…”

Section: Correspondence and Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

More evidence of pre-Himalayan orogenesis in Northern Pakistan

1988

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“…A Schematic cross-section within the Northwest Himalaya Syntax. Recent seismicity is based on [272] and [277].…”

Section: Klippen Nappe Of Western Switzerlandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thick-Skinned and Thin-Skinned Tectonics: A Global Perspective

Pfiffner¹

2017

Preprint

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This paper gives an overview of the large-scale tectonic styles encountered in orogens worldwide. Thin-skinned and thick-skinned tectonics represents two end member styles recognized in mountain ranges. A thick-skinned tectonic style is typical for margins of continental plates. Thick-skinned style including the entire crust and possibly the lithospheric mantle are associated with intracontinental contraction. Delamination of subducting continental crust and horizontal protrusion of upper plate crust into the opening gap occurs in the terminal stage of continent-continent collision. Continental crust thinned prior to contraction is likely to develop relatively thin thrust sheets of crystalline basement. A true thin-skinned type requires a detachment layer of sufficient thickness. Thickness of the décollement layer as well as the mechanical contrast between décollement layer and detached cover control the style of folding and thrusting within the detached cover units. In subduction related orogens, thin-and thick-skinned deformation may occur several hundreds of kilometers from the plate contact zone. Basin inversion resulting from horizontal contraction may lead to the formation of basement uplifts by the combined reactivation of pre-existing normal faults and initiation of new reverse faults. In composite orogens thick-skinned and thin-skinned structures evolve with a pattern where nappe stacking propagates outward and downward.

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“…In the abundance of garnet porphyroblasts and the high carbonate content this unit resembles the metasediments seen in the MTS. The calculated pressure and temperature conditions in the Alpurai Schists during the main metamorphism are 625 8CG50 8C and 0.7-1.1 GPa (Treloar et al, 1989b) and in the underlying Marghazar Formation are 630 8CG 43 8C and 1. 03G0.15 GPa (DiPietro, 1991).…”

Section: Pre-tertiary Rock Sequence Of Lower Swatmentioning

confidence: 99%