Baseline soil gas measurements as part of a monitoring concept above a projected CO2 injection formation—A case study from Northern Germany

Schlömer, Stefan; Möller, Ingo; Furche, Markus

doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2013.10.028

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…They recommended at least 3 years of data to define the baseline. Continuous monitoring below the biologically active soil zone (50 cm in their case) was recommended to increase sensitivity to leakage detection (Schlömer et al, 2014) but measurements within the near surface zone are required to assess potential ecosystem impacts.…”

Section: Baselines For Near Surface Gasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developments since 2005 in understanding potential environmental impacts of CO2 leakage from geological storage

Jones

Beaubien

Blackford

et al. 2015

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

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This paper reviews research into the potential environmental impacts of leakage from geological storage of CO 2 since the publication of the IPCC Special Report on Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage in 2005. Possible impacts are considered on onshore (including drinking water aquifers) and offshore ecosystems. The review does not consider direct impacts on man or other land animals from elevated atmospheric CO 2 levels. Improvements in our understanding of the potential impacts have come directly from CO 2 storage research but have also benefitted from studies of ocean acidification and other impacts on aquifers and onshore near surface ecosystems. Research has included observations at natural CO 2 sites, laboratory and field experiments and modelling. Studies to date suggest that the impacts from many lower level fault-or well-related leakage scenarios are likely to be limited spatially and temporarily and recovery may be rapid. The effects are often ameliorated by mixing and dispersion of the leakage and by buffering and other reactions; potentially harmful elements have rarely breached drinking water guidelines. Larger releases, with potentially higher impact, would be possible from open wells or major pipeline leaks but these are of lower probability and should be easier and quicker to detect and remediate.

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Section: Baselines For Near Surface Gasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developments since 2005 in understanding potential environmental impacts of CO2 leakage from geological storage

Jones

Beaubien

Blackford

et al. 2015

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

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“…Long-term continuous soil gas surveys can help to identify leakages (e.g., Schlömer et al, 2014), although these might also be undetectable when occurring in very localized and small areas.…”

Section: Implication For Monitoring Co 2 Storage Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO 2 and Rn degassing from the natural analog of Campo de Calatrava (Spain): Implications for monitoring of CO 2 storage sites

Elío

Ortega

Nisi

et al. 2015

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

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a b s t r a c tNatural analogs offer a valuable opportunity to investigate the long-term impacts associated with the potential leakage in geological storage of CO 2 .Degassing of CO 2 and radon isotopes ( 222 Rn-220 Rn) from soil, gas vents and thermal water discharges was investigated in the natural analog of Campo de Calatrava Volcanic Field (CCVF; Central Spain) to determine the CO 2 -Rn relationships and to assess the role of CO 2 as carrier gas for radon. Furthermore, radon measurements to discriminate between shallow and deep gas sources were evaluated under the perspective of their applicability in monitoring programs of carbon storage projects.CO 2 flux as high as 5000 g m −2 d −1 and 222 Rn activities up to 430 kBq m −3 were measured; 220 Rn activities were one order of magnitude lower than those of 222 Rn. The 222 Rn/ 220 Rn ratios were used to constrain the source of the Campo de Calatrava soil gases since a positive correlation between radon isotopic ratios and CO 2 fluxes was observed. Thus, in agreement with previous studies, our results indicate a deep mantle-related origin of CO 2 for both free and soil gases, suggesting that carbon dioxide is an efficient carrier for Rn. Furthermore, it was ascertained that the increase of 222 Rn in the soil gases was likely produced by two main processes: (i) direct transport by a carrier gas, i.e., CO 2 and (ii) generation at shallow level due to the presence of relatively high concentrations of dissolved U and Ra in the thermal aquifer of Campo de Calatrava.The diffuse CO 2 soil flux and radon isotopic surveys carried out in the Campo de Calatrava Volcanic Fields can also be applicable to geochemical monitoring programs in CCS (Carbon Capture and Storage) areas as these parameters are useful to: (i) constrain CO 2 leakages once detected and (ii) monitor both the evolution of the leakages and the effectiveness of subsequent remediation activities. These measurements can also conveniently be used to detect diffuse leakages.

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“…호주 Otway, 독일 CLEAN 프로젝트에서 모니터링 결과 가 활발히 발표되고 있다 (Beaubien, 2013;Schacht and Jenkins, 2014;Schlömer et al, 2014). 가장 잘 알려진 소규모 주입 실험 프로젝트는 미국의 ZERT(Zero Emission…”

Section: 지중저장 부지 모니터링과 관련하여서는 캐나다 Weyburnunclassified

Applicability of the Multi-Channel Surface-soil CO<sub>2</sub>-concentration Monitoring (SCM) System as a Surface Soil CO<sub>2</sub> Monitoring Tool

Sung¹,

Yu²,

Choi³

et al. 2015

Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment

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Monitoring of CO 2 release through the ground surface is essential to confirm the safety of carbon storage projects. We conducted a feasibility study of the multi-channel surface-soil CO 2 -concentration monitoring (SCM) system as a soil CO 2 monitoring tool with a small scale injection test. The background concentrations showed the distinct diurnal variation. The negative relation of CO 2 with temperature and the low CO 2 concentrations during the day imply that surface-soil CO 2 depends on photosynthesis and respiration. After 4.2 kg of CO 2 injection (1 m depth for 29 minutes), surface-soil CO 2 concentrations increased in the all five chambers, which were located less than 2.8 m of distance from each other. The CO 2 concentrations seem to be recovered to the background around 4 hours after the injection ended. To determine the leakage, the data from Chamber 2 and 5 with low increase rates were used for statistical analyses. Coefficient of variation for 30 minutes (CV 30min. ) is efficient to determine a leakage signal, with reflecting the fast change in CO 2 concentrations. Consequently, SCM and CV 30min could be applied for an efficient monitoring tool to detect CO 2 release through the ground surface. Also, this study provides ideas for establishing action steps after leakage detection.

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Baseline soil gas measurements as part of a monitoring concept above a projected CO2 injection formation—A case study from Northern Germany

Cited by 21 publications

References 65 publications

Developments since 2005 in understanding potential environmental impacts of CO2 leakage from geological storage

Developments since 2005 in understanding potential environmental impacts of CO2 leakage from geological storage

CO 2 and Rn degassing from the natural analog of Campo de Calatrava (Spain): Implications for monitoring of CO 2 storage sites

Applicability of the Multi-Channel Surface-soil CO<sub>2</sub>-concentration Monitoring (SCM) System as a Surface Soil CO<sub>2</sub> Monitoring Tool

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