Baseline Hematologic, Endocrine, and Clinical Chemistry Values in Ducks and Roosters

Spano, J. S.; Pedersoli, W. M.; Kemppainen, Robert J.; Krista, L. M.; Young, David W.

doi:10.2307/1591034

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A conventionally accepted reference range for CK is between 100 and 500 IU/L (Thrall, 2004), which was exceeded as early as at the immediate post-hatch state. This may be a result of the one-sided selection for muscle mass production, as a highly similar trend was described in meat-type turkeys (Szabó et al, 2005) and roosters (Spano et al, 1987), while wild-living birds, e.g. starlings (Juráni et al, 2004) were not characterised by such high values, only migrating species, e.g.…”

Section: Plasma Enzymessupporting

confidence: 58%

Clinicochemical follow-up of broiler rearing — A five-week study

Szabó

Milisits

2007

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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Commercial broilers were raised in a 5-week period and a detailed clinicochemical follow-up was carried out, to characterise a flock selected for one-sided muscle mass production. Blood samples were drawn at the ages of 1 day, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 weeks, and plasma enzyme activities, metabolite and ion concentrations were determined. Early increases were found for all plasma nitrogenous compounds (total protein, albumin, creatinine and urate). Triglyceride showed a posthatch peak with a significant effect of age. Plasma total cholesterol was characterised by a marked post-hatch concentration peak, while during the first week its concentration decreased markedly. Plasma AST showed an increase during the rearing, while a one-magnitude increment was found for creatine kinase activity during the study. The main results of the study outlined a typical precocial bird (post-hatch triglyceride peak; decreasing cholesterol and early peaking plasma protein and urate concentrations) with very quick skeletal muscle mass growth (increasing creatine kinase and AST activities, slight hyperkalaemia).

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Section: Plasma Enzymessupporting

confidence: 58%

Clinicochemical follow-up of broiler rearing — A five-week study

Szabó

Milisits

2007

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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“…During the entire trial the control chicken remained alert and active and showed no signs of disease. All blood counts and serum chemistry results were within normal limits for chickens (Spano et al, 1987;Canadian Council on Animal Care, 1993;Bounous and Stedman, 2000) and did not differ from the negative control chickens.…”

Section: Chicken Trialmentioning

confidence: 72%

Attempts to Reproduce Vacuolar Myelinopathy in Domestic Swine and Chickens

Lewis-Weis

Gerhold

Fischer

2004

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Avian vacuolar myelinopathy (AVM) was first recognized as a cause of bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) mortality in 1994 in Arkansas (USA) and has since caused over 90 bald eagle and numerous American coot (Fulica americana) mortalities in five southeastern states. The cause of AVM remains undetermined but is suspected to be a biotoxin. Naturally occurring AVM has been limited to wild waterbirds, raptors, and one species of shorebird, and has been reproduced experimentally in red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis). In this study, chickens and swine were evaluated for susceptibility to vacuolar myelinopathy with the intent of developing animal models for research and to identify specific tissues in affected coots that contain the causative agent. Additionally, submerged, aquatic vegetation, primarily hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata), and associated material collected from a reservoir during an AVM outbreak was fed to chickens in an effort to reproduce the disease. In two separate experiments, six 4-wk-old leghorn chickens and ten 5-wk-old leghorn chickens were fed coot tissues. In a third experiment, five 3-mo-old domestic swine and one red-tailed hawk, serving as a positive control, were fed coot tissues. In these experiments, treatment animals received tissues (brain, fat, intestinal tract, kidney, liver, and/or muscle) from coots with AVM lesions collected at a lake during an AVM outbreak. Negative control chickens and one pig received tissues from coots without AVM lesions that had been collected at a lake where AVM has never been documented. In a fourth experiment, eight 3-wk-old leghorn chickens were fed aquatic vegetation material. Four chickens received material from the same lake from which coots with AVM lesions were collected for the previous experiments, and four control chickens were fed material from the lake where AVM has never been documented. Blood was collected and physical and neurologic exams were conducted on animals before and once per week during the trials. All animals were sacrificed and necropsies were performed on Day 29 of feeding, with the exception of one treated chicken that was sacrificed and necropsied on Day 15 of feeding. Microscopic lesions of vacuolar myelinopathy were present in the red-tailed hawk and five chickens that received a mixture of all tissues and two chickens that received only gastrointestinal tissues of coots with AVM lesions. Three of four treated chickens in the aquatic vegetation trial developed vacuolar lesions. None of four treatment pigs or any of the negative control animals developed vacuolar lesions. Chickens are susceptible to AVM and may serve as a useful animal model for future studies. Swine may be refractory to AVM or not affected by AVM at the same dose as are chickens and red-tailed hawks. The causative agent of AVM in affected coots is associated with the gastrointestinal tissues. Furthermore, AVM can be reproduced in chickens via ingestion of aquatic vegetation and associated materials collected from a lake during an AVM outbreak. T...

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“…The mean total thrombocyte count in native Iranian ducks (31.5i1.8 x103/pl) was also within the limits (Coles and Campbell, 1986). Similarly mean WBC counts in both sexes were as in other ducks (Spano et al, 1987) though lower than their Indian counterparts (Sreeraman et al, 1979).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Res. 0971-2119/96/$05.00 0 GSP, India Pitts 1976;Sreeraman et al, 1979;Driver, 1981;Spano et al, 1987;Hebert, 1989 andBhattacharyya et al, 1991). Since no information appears to be available on the hematological values in Iranian native ducks, this study has been conducted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%