Baseline Evaluation of Nutritional Status and Government Feeding Programs in Chiclayo, Peru

Gross, Rainer; Lechtig, A; Romaña, Daniel López de

doi:10.1177/15648265060274s402

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…The literature indicates that underlying causes of stunting decline in Peru were improvements in water, hygiene, and sanitation ( 8 , 30 , 46 , 49 ), maternal education ( 23 , 36 , 42 , 50–59 , 61 , 97 ), food availability combined with family income ( 49 , 62 ), and food security ( 60 , 63–65 ). Untreated drinking water and poor hygiene and sanitation have been found to be associated with HAZ and stunting in 3 studies ( 30 , 46 , 49 ), although 1 study on increased access to safe water found a reduction in diarrhea, but no HAZ difference ( 66 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drivers of stunting reduction in Peru: a country case study

Conway

Akseer

Subedi³

et al. 2020

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Background Peru reduced its under-5 child stunting prevalence notably from 31.3% in 2000 to 13.1% in 2016. Objectives We aimed to study factors and key enablers of child stunting reduction in Peru from 2000–2016. Methods Demographic and Health Surveys were used to conduct descriptive analyses [height-for-age z scores (HAZ) means and distributions, equity analysis, predicted child growth curves through polynomial regressions] and advanced regression analyses. An ecological (at department level) multilevel regression analysis was conducted to identify the major predictors of stunting decline from 2000 to 2016, and Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition was conducted to identify the relative contribution of each factor to child HAZ change. A systematic literature review, policy and program analysis, and interviews with relevant stakeholders were conducted to understand key drivers of stunting decline in Peru. Results The distribution of HAZ scores showed a slight rightward shift from 2000 to 2007/2008, and a greater shift from 2007/2008 to 2016. Stunting reduction was higher in the lowest wealth quintile, in rural areas, and among children with the least educated mothers. Decomposing predicted changes showed that the most important factors were increased maternal BMI and maternal height, improved maternal and newborn health care, increased parental education, migration to urban areas, and reduced fertility. Key drivers included the advocacy role of civil society and political leadership around poverty and stunting reduction since the early 2000s. Key enablers included the economic growth and the consolidation of democracy since the early 2000s, and the acknowledgement that stunting reduction needs much more than food supplementation. Conclusions Peru reduced child stunting owing to improved socioeconomic determinants, sustained implementation of out-of-health-sector and within-health-sector changes, and implementation of health interventions. These efforts were driven through a multisectoral approach, strong civil society advocacy, and keen political leadership. Peru's experience offers useful lessons on how to tackle the problem of stunting under differing scenarios, with the participation of multiple sectors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although food availability has been linked to changes in HAZ ( 62 ), family income is also important, as it relates to dietary intake ( 49 ). Microloans and Juntos have been shown to improve food security ( 20 , 67 ), and higher household consumption has been linked to height gain in children ( 60 , 63–65 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drivers of stunting reduction in Peru: a country case study

Conway

Akseer

Subedi³

et al. 2020

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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“…Presently, in some countries, there are efforts to address the growing obesity epidemic by modifying social and nutrition programmes or improving public school environments in general . However, in other countries such as Guatemala and Peru, social programmes are still mainly oriented to fighting undernutrition .…”

Section: Challenges Of Addressing the Childhood Obesity Epidemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition status of children in Latin America

et al. 2017

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SummaryThe prevalence of overweight and obesity is rapidly increasing among Latin American children, posing challenges for current healthcare systems and increasing the risk for a wide range of diseases. To understand the factors contributing to childhood obesity in Latin America, this paper reviews the current nutrition status and physical activity situation, the disparities between and within countries and the potential challenges for ensuring adequate nutrition and physical activity. Across the region, children face a dual burden of undernutrition and excess weight. While efforts to address undernutrition have made marked improvements, childhood obesity is on the rise as a result of diets that favour energy‐dense, nutrient‐poor foods and the adoption of a sedentary lifestyle. Over the last decade, changes in socioeconomic conditions, urbanization, retail foods and public transportation have all contributed to childhood obesity in the region. Additional research and research capacity are needed to address this growing epidemic, particularly with respect to designing, implementing and evaluating the impact of evidence‐based obesity prevention interventions.

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“…The dual burden has been widely reported in Latin America, Africa, the Middle East, and Asia [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. Studies have assessed secular trends in the nutritional status of children in low-and middle-income countries as markers of overall population health; the trends in each country reflect its progression through the nutrition transition.…”

Section: Secular Trends Reflect Global Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Dual Burden of Under- and Overnutrition in Low- and Middle-inCome Countries: A Critical Review

Tzioumis¹,

2014

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Background In low- and middle income countries, the distribution of childhood nutritional diseases is shifting from a predominance of undernutrition to a dual burden of under- and overnutrition. This novel and complex problem challenges governments and health organizations to tackle opposite ends of the malnutrition spectrum. The dual burden may manifest within a community, household, or individual, but these different levels have not been addressed collectively. Objective To critically review literature on the prevalence, trends, and predictors of the dual burden, with a focus on children from birth to 18 years. Methods We reviewed literature since January 1, 1990, published in English, using the PubMed search terms: nutrition transition, double burden, dual burden, nutrition status, obesity, overweight, underweight, stunting, body composition, and micronutrient deficiencies. Findings were classified and described according to dual burden level (community, household, individual). Results Global trends indicate decreases in diseases of undernutrition, while overnutrition is increasing. On the community level, economic status may influence the dual burden’s extent, with obesity increasingly affecting the already undernourished poor. In a household, shared determinants of poor nutritional status among members can result in disparate nutritional status across generations. Within an individual, obesity may co-occur with stunting or anemia, due to shared underlying determinants or physiologic links. Conclusions The dual burden of malnutrition poses a threat to children’s health in low- and middle-income countries. We must remain committed to reducing undernutrition while simultaneously preventing overnutrition, through integrated child health programs that incorporate prevention of infection, diet quality, and physical activity.

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Baseline Evaluation of Nutritional Status and Government Feeding Programs in Chiclayo, Peru

Cited by 11 publications

References 7 publications

Drivers of stunting reduction in Peru: a country case study

Drivers of stunting reduction in Peru: a country case study

Nutrition status of children in Latin America

Childhood Dual Burden of Under- and Overnutrition in Low- and Middle-inCome Countries: A Critical Review

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