Baseline Entomological Data for a Pilot Malaria Control Program in Equatorial Guinea

Abstract

Entomological studies conducted on the island of Bioko and the mainland province, Río Muni, in Equatorial Guinea provided baseline data for a pilot malaria control program. The main species collected resting in houses at low density were Anopheles gambiae s.l. Giles and Anopheles funestus Giles. An. gambiae s.l. density increased during the rainy season, whereas An. funestus populations remained stable during both dry and wet seasons. Both species tended to be endophilic and were not collected resting or biting outdoors. Overall, delayed sporozoite rates were about 10% for both species and were highest in the dry season. An. gambiae s.l. from the mainland showed resistance to 4% DDT, but the island population was still susceptible. All populations were completely susceptible to 5% malathion and 0.025% deltamethrin.

Malaria Vectors in the Bioko Island (Equatorial Guinea): Estimation of Vector Dynamics and Transmission Intensities

“…Our results corroborate previous reports concerning anopheline distribution on Bioko Island (Molina et al 1993(Molina et al , 1996. Moreover, with the exception of a few An.…”

“…Some entomological studies have been performed in relation to anopheline distribution on the island; the most recent and complete study was by Molina et al (1993). Their study found low density rates for both Anophelese gambiae s.l.…”

Insecticide Resistance Allele Frequencies in Anopheles gambiae before and after Anti-Vector Interventions in Continental Equatorial Guinea

“…51 However, information on insecticide use for agricultural purposes is not available for Equatorial Guinea. 52 Previous anti-vector interventions have been limited to intermittent bed net distributions with little, if any, follow-up monitoring for insecticide resistance conducted by the agencies responsible for their deployment.…”

Malaria Household Knowledge and Behavior in Equatorial Guinea: Lessons to Be Learned

“…The lower utilization of traditional medicine reported in Bioko Island in 2001 may be associated with the population awareness promoted by IEC campaigns conducted within the project initiatives at that time [6]. A reduction in reliance on traditional remedies due to enhanced population knowledge on malaria causes and treatment has recently been described in Nigeria [35].…”

“…During the 1990 decade several strategies were implemented, although with limited scope and primarily targeting Bioko rural populations [4][5][6][7]. In 2004, a large-scale control programme, the Bioko Island Malaria Control Programme (BIMCP), was launched with the major goal of achieving the elimination of malaria transmission in the island [8][9][10][11].…”