“…This is due to paper’s biodegradability, affordability, lightweight, and biobased nature . However, paper in its uncoated form does not fulfill packaging needs , For example, paper is usually coated with various materials to improve its resistance against water, gas, moisture, and oil, as well as to provide thermal sealing properties. − However, the challenges are that the coating materials used today are synthetic, nonbiodegradable, and non-repulpable, thus posing a risk to the environment. − For example, polyethylene (PE) is widely used for paper coating to fulfill packaging needs. − However, the difficulty in separating the paper from these coated materials causes the paper to lose both its recyclable and biodegradable properties. , Consequently, coated or laminated paper often ends up in landfills, where it also leaks into rivers. , In the case of plastic leakage into the environment, it eventually turns into microplastics and becomes a high risk for both human and ecological health due to mechanical abrasion brought on by water waves and ultraviolet (UV) exposure. ,, …”