Basaloid Squamous Carcinoma of the Head and Neck Immunohistochemical Comparison With Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Klijanienko, Jerzy; El‐Naggar, Adel K.; Ponzio-Prion, Anne; Marandas, P.; Micheau, C; Caillaud, Jean‐Michel

doi:10.1001/archotol.1993.01880200093013

Cited by 82 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Eleven of these studies suggest that patients with BSCC have a worse prognosis, 1,2,10,11,13,15,18,20,[24][25][26] whereas the remaining studies either suggest that the behavior of BSCC is not different from SCC, 5,12,14,16,17,[21][22][23]27,28 or did not address the issue of comparative prognosis. 19,29 The common factor suggesting that BSCC has a worse prognosis in these studies has been the pro- pensity for BSCC to present in advanced stages and to have higher rates of hematogenous spread. In our case-control study, only patients who had lymph node involvement were included.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcomes after radiotherapy for basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

Thariat

Ahamad

El‐Naggar

et al. 2008

Cancer

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BACKGROUND.Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is an uncommon, high‐grade variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck. Its poorer prognosis compared with common SCC remains controversial. The authors investigated the outcomes of patients with BSCC who received radiotherapy and compared them with the outcomes of patients with SCC.METHODS.From 1994 to 2004, 1007 patients received radiotherapy for head and neck carcinoma with lymph node involvement. The histologic types consisted of 51 BSCC, 431 poorly differentiated SCC (PSCC), and 525 well or moderately differentiated SCC (WMSCC). A case–control analysis was performed with BSCC matched against both PSCC and WMSCC to compare disease‐control and survival rates.RESULTS.Patients with BSCC received treatment modalities similar to those received by patients with SCC: They received induction chemotherapy (12%) or concurrent chemotherapy (33%), and a median radiation dose of 70 Gray. Posttreatment viable tumor was present in 44%, 13%, and 28% of neck dissection specimens from patients with BSCC, PSCC, and WMSCC, respectively. The 5‐year disease‐free survival rates (63%, 77%, and 76%, respectively) and overall survival rates (85%, 70%, and 71%, respectively) demonstrated no statistically significant differences for BSCC, PSCC, or WMSCC, respectively.CONCLUSIONS.In this study, a poorer prognosis could not be demonstrated for irradiated patients with BSCC compared with either PSCC or WMSCC. All patients in this study had positive lymph node status, and the majority of patients (84%) had oropharyngeal cancer. The BSCC cohort did have a relatively high rate of viable tumor in their posttreatment neck dissections, and they had a relatively high rate of distant disease. On the basis of the high rate of lung metastases and the possibility of efficient salvage, the authors recommend obtaining a chest computed tomography scan during initial staging and follow‐up. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcomes after radiotherapy for basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

Thariat

Ahamad

El‐Naggar

et al. 2008

Cancer

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“…The squamous component, which can be present as dysplasia, focal squamous differentiation, carcinoma in situ, or invasive carcinoma, is characterized by a pavementing or mosaic pattern with individual cell keratinization, keratin pearl formation, and intercellular bridging. Immunohistochemically, the tumour marks for vimentin, epithelial membrane antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, and neuron-specific enolase [10][11][12][13][14]. Not all basaloid cells stain with cytokeratin antibodies, so a cocktail of keratin antibodies (CAM 5.2, AE1-AE3, and 34ßE12) is employed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Oral Cavity and Oropharynx

Altavilla¹,

Mannarà

Rinaldo

et al. 1999

ORL

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“…Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma is considered as a tumor that predominantly arises in elderly men. In addition, these tumors have been identified in numerous head and neck sites including oral cavity [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18], oropharynx [1,6,[19][20][21][22][23], hypopharynx [16,[24][25][26], esophagus [27][28][29], and sinonasal region [30]. Basaloid squamous cell carcinomas are also considered as more aggressive tumors showing a poorer survival compared with squamous cell carcinoma by some authors [15,21,31], whereas others disagree with this observation [12,16,18,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A literature review on oral basaloid squamous cell carcinomas, with special emphasis on etiology

Jayasooriya

Tilakaratne

Mendis

et al. 2013

Annals of Diagnostic Pathology

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a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma Human papillomavirus Etiology PrognosisIn the recent years, basaloid squamous cell carcinomas (BSCCs) have gained attention because of (1) observation of a relative increase in the number of tumors arising particularly in head and neck sites, (2) identification of human papillomavirus (HPV) in BSCCs arising predominantly in the oropharynx, and (3) controversies that exist regarding the biological aggressiveness of the tumor. The objective of the present review was to address the issues mentioned above by focusing primarily on oral BSCCs, using literature that has been published in the English language up to 2013. According to the literature review, oral BSCCs were found to be relatively more common in elderly patients with a mean age of 64 years. A male predominance with a male/female ratio of 3:1 was observed. The predominant site was the tongue, with almost half of the reported cases occurring at this site, followed by the floor of the mouth and palate. With reference to habit history, majority were found to be tobacco and alcohol users. However, only 3 studies revealed data on HPV status of purely oral BSCC, and according to the results of these studies, of the 17 tumors tested, 4 had harbored high-risk HPV. Furthermore, most oral BSCCs were in an advanced clinical stage, namely, stage III or IV with T3 or T4 lesions and cervical lymph node metastasis at initial presentation, whereas 41% of patients had presented with local recurrences and 45% had died of the disease. In conclusion, although, the present literature review found enough evidence to consider tobacco and alcohol as risk factors for the development of oral BSCC, steps should be taken to fill the gap in our knowledge that exist with reference to contribution of oncoviruses, particularly HPV in the etiology of oral BSCC.

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Basaloid Squamous Carcinoma of the Head and Neck Immunohistochemical Comparison With Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cited by 82 publications

References 12 publications

Outcomes after radiotherapy for basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

Outcomes after radiotherapy for basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Oral Cavity and Oropharynx

A literature review on oral basaloid squamous cell carcinomas, with special emphasis on etiology

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