Basal Blood Flow and Autoregulation Changes in the Optic Nerve of Rhesus Monkeys with Idiopathic Bilateral Optic Atrophy

Piper, Chelsea; Fortune, Brad; Cull, Grant; Cioffi, George A.; Wang, Lin

doi:10.1167/iovs.12-9773

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…According to previous studies on both ONT 21 and EG models 22,23 in NHP, the ONH capillary density remains largely normal albeit some capillaries are occluded after a 1-to 4-year exposure to chronic IOP elevation. 23 In our previous study in rhesus monkeys with idiopathic bilateral optic neuropathy, 24 while BF in the atrophic optic nerve is significantly lower than healthy control eyes, the capillary density was actually ''higher'' due to the shrinkage of axonal fascicles and thickening of surrounding connective tissues where the capillaries reside. As such, it is anticipated that the optic nerve capillaries in ONT eyes most likely remain intact, particularly at the relatively early post-ONT time points studied here, which suggests that the progressive ONH BF decline appears to be a functional adjustment to adapt to diminished metabolic demand following ONT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Compromised Optic Nerve Blood Flow and Autoregulation Secondary to Neural Degeneration

Cull

Told

Burgoyne

et al. 2015

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Compromised Optic Nerve Blood Flow and Autoregulation Secondary to Neural Degeneration

Cull

Told

Burgoyne

et al. 2015

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…5 ). 35 , 36 However, the origin of this phenomenon is somewhat different in that the brighter bands appear to result from decreased attenuation and scatter through the voids (“microcysts”) relative to the adjacent, intact retina ( Fig. 5 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…OCT images from one adult rhesus macaque monkey with idiopathic bilateral optic atrophy 35 , 36 were also included for analytical comparison. To acquire those images, all procedures adhered to the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology's Statement for the Use of Animals in Ophthalmic and Vision Research and were carried out in strict accordance with the recommendations in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the National Institutes of Health and were approved and monitored by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) at Legacy Health (USDA license 92-R-0002 and OLAW assurance A3234–01).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripapillary Retinoschisis in Glaucoma: Association With Progression and OCT Signs of Müller Cell Involvement

Fortune

Kelly

Gardiner

et al. 2018

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PurposeTo examine demographic and clinical factors associated with glaucomatous peripapillary retinoschisis (PPRS) and assess its association with glaucoma progression.MethodsUsing a case control study design and longitudinal data from a cohort of 166 subjects with a diagnosis of glaucoma or glaucoma suspect, we compared functional, structural, clinical, and demographic characteristics between PPRS cases and controls.ResultsThe frequency of PPRS was 6.0% (12 eyes from 10/166 subjects) with two eyes having PPRS in different sectors for a total of 15 retinoschisis events. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in age, sex, visual acuity, central corneal thickness, intraocular pressure, or presence of vitreous adhesion between PPRS and controls. However, eyes with PPRS tended to have a higher cup-to-disc ratio (P = 0.06), thinner RNFL (P = 0.02), and worse visual field mean deviation (MD, P = 0.06) than controls. The rate of RNFL thinning was faster in PPRS (average: −2.8%/year; range: −7.4% to 0.0%/year) than controls (−1.3%/year; range: −4.4% to 0.6%/year; P = 0.021). The rate of visual field MD change was faster in PPRS (−0.49 dB/year; range: −2.0 to 0.9 dB/year) than controls (−0.06 dB/year; range: −0.8 to 0.3 dB/year; P = 0.030). OCT scans showed hyperreflective structures spanning the PPRS whose morphology and spacing (50 ± 7 μm) are consistent with Müller glia, causing signal attenuation casting “shadows” onto distal retina.ConclusionsThis is the first report showing that glaucomatous PPRS is associated with a faster overall rate of RNFL thinning and visual field deterioration and to specifically identify OCT signs of Müller cell involvement.

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“…ONH blood flow autoregulation was investigated in rabbits[ 63 , 64 ] during an artificial increase in IOP. In non-human primates static[ 65 – 67 ] and dynamic autoregulation [ 68 , 69 ] were studied. ONH blood flow regulation was shown to decline in parallel with neural degeneration induced by ocular hypertension due to an unknown mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optic nerve head and retinal blood flow regulation during isometric exercise as assessed with laser speckle flowgraphy

et al. 2017

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The aim of the present study was to investigate regulation of blood flow (BF) in the optic nerve head (ONH) and a peripapillary region (PPR) during an isometric exercise-induced increase in ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) using laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) in healthy subjects. For this purpose, a total of 27 subjects was included in this study. Mean blur rate in tissue (MT) was measured in the ONH and in a PPR as well as relative flow volume (RFV) in retinal arteries (ART) and veins (VEIN) using LSFG. All participants performed isometric exercise for 6 minutes during which MT and mean arterial pressure were measured every minute. From these data OPP and pressure/flow curves were calculated. Isometric exercise increased OPP, MTONH and MTPRR. The relative increase in OPP (78.5 ± 19.8%) was more pronounced than the increase in BF parameters (MTONH: 18.1 ± 7.7%, MTPRR: 21.1 ± 8.3%, RFVART: 16.5 ±12.0%, RFVVEIN: 17.7 ± 12.4%) indicating for an autoregulatory response of the vasculature. The pressure/flow curves show that MTONH, MTPRR, RFVART, RFVVEIN started to increase at OPP levels of 51.2 ± 2.0%, 58.1 ± 2.4%, 45.6 ± 1.9% and 45.6 ± 1.9% above baseline. These data indicate that ONHBF starts to increase at levels of approx. 50% increase in OPP: This is slightly lower than the values we previously reported from LDF data. Signals from the PPR may have input from both, the retina and the choroid, but the relative contribution is unknown. In addition, retinal BF appears to increase at slightly lower OPP values of approximately 45%. LSFG may be used to study ONH autoregulation in diseases such as glaucoma.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02102880

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Basal Blood Flow and Autoregulation Changes in the Optic Nerve of Rhesus Monkeys with Idiopathic Bilateral Optic Atrophy

Abstract: Basal blood flow and autoregulation capacity in the ONH of BOA were significantly compromised, with a close correlation to structural changes. The hemodynamic changes showed no regional preference across the ONH, which was consistent with postmortem histological observations.

Cited by 12 publications

References 61 publications

Compromised Optic Nerve Blood Flow and Autoregulation Secondary to Neural Degeneration

Compromised Optic Nerve Blood Flow and Autoregulation Secondary to Neural Degeneration

Peripapillary Retinoschisis in Glaucoma: Association With Progression and OCT Signs of Müller Cell Involvement

Optic nerve head and retinal blood flow regulation during isometric exercise as assessed with laser speckle flowgraphy

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