Bartonellosis

Sykes, Jane E.; Chomel, Bruno B

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4377-0795-3.00052-1

Cited by 6 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…1 In contrast, serology alone in chronically infected cats can be of low diagnostic yield as relapsing bacteremia has been documented in conjunction with low or non-detectable antibody titers, as also reported for dogs and humans. 1,2 Seroconversion in acute bartonellosis in combination with seroreversion with directed antibiotic therapy provides microbiological support for the diagnosis, as documented by sero-reversion in this cat. Following an acute illness, Bh and Bk seroconversion over a 2-month period was documented in a dog, followed by seroreversion with combination antimicrobial therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“… 1 Cats are the principal reservoir host for Bartonella henselae ( Bh ), Bartonella koehlerae ( Bk ) and Bartonella clarridgeiae ( Bc ). 1 , 2 B henselae has a global bacteremic prevalence as high as 50–76%. 1 , 3 Ctenocephalides felis is the principal arthropod vector for multiple Bartonella species (including Bh , Bk and Bc ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After infection with a host-adapted Bartonella species, healthy cats commonly experience subclinical bacteremia that persists for months to years. 1 – 3 Alternatively, mild or transient fever and lymphadenopathy are sometimes observed. 3 , 6 Serious disorders such as endocarditis, myocarditis, uveitis, encephalitis and musculoskeletal abnormalities are uncommonly reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Osteomyelitis associated with Bartonella henselae infection in a young cat

Hui

Ryan

Rademacher

et al. 2022

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports

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Case summary A 1-year-old male intact domestic shorthair cat was evaluated for acute onset non-weightbearing left forelimb lameness and generalized peripheral lymphadenopathy. CT identified a monostotic aggressive bone lesion with an incomplete fracture of the left radial metaphysis. Bone aspirates yielded osteoblasts with minimal nuclear atypia. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a nodular spleen and lymphadenopathy; cytologically, both contained lymphoid hyperplasia. A urine histoplasma antigen test was negative. Bartonella henselae and Mycoplasma haemominutum DNA was amplified by PCR from peripheral blood. Indirect immunofluorescence documented strong B henselae immunoreactivity, with lower Bartonella vinsonii subspecies berkhoffii and Bartonella koehlerae antibody titers. After the administration of doxycycline and pradofloxacin for suspected Bartonella -induced osteomyelitis, lameness resolved rapidly. Six-week post-treatment radiographs identified healing of the affected bone, and Bartonella species enrichment blood culture was negative. B henselae antibody titers decreased four-fold over a year, supporting seroreversion. Relevance and novel information B henselae is a flea-transmitted, host-adapted species, not previously implicated as a cause of osteomyelitis in cats. B henselae subclinical bacteremia is highly prevalent among cats; however, bacteremia has been associated with lymphadenopathy and febrile illness in cats. This report describes a unique clinical presentation in association with B henselae infection in a cat.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Osteomyelitis associated with Bartonella henselae infection in a young cat

Hui

Ryan

Rademacher

et al. 2022

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports

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“…While cats and dogs are significant Bartonella carriers, people can also contract the illness from other sources, such as arthropods or even blood transfusions. Particularly among homeless populations, human body lice can spread B. quintana, which causes relapsing fever and endocarditis (Sykes and Chomel 2014).…”

Section: Future Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoonotic Importance of Bartonellosis

2023

IJAB

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History has witnessed several vector-borne zoonotic diseases which have taken millions of precious human lives. Bartonellosis is one of the most important vector-borne diseases that caused 7,000 causalities in 1870, and these causalities continued even after centuries. Bartonellosis is a broad term that describes the diseases caused by a gram-negative bacterium of a genus Bartonella (Oroya fever, Carrison's disease) and spp. Bartonella. Members of the Bartonella genus are short, pleomorphic, gramnegative, aerobic, and oxidase-negative organisms within the α2 subgroup of the Proteobacteria class. Hosts for Bartonellosis vary from rodents to domestic dogs and cats. B. henselae, B. clarridgeiae, and B. koehlerae mainly infect cats. B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii causes infection in dogs and coyotes (Canis latrans), B. alsatica, causes infection in wild rabbits. Similarly, B. bacilliformis and B. quintana B. bacilliformis and B. quintana infect humans. The bacteria enter the host's bloodstream directly or via lymphatic system and colonize within the erythrocytes. The signs of infections vary from species to species, but Bartonellosis is mostly characterized by fever, hemolytic anemia, myalgia, paler, and arthralgia. In cats, Bartonellosis is associated with lymphadenitis, endocarditis, gingivitis, and stomatitis. Endocarditis is the most important feature of Bartonellosis in dogs. Human activities are affecting the global environment and the rise in temperature, is increasing the interaction of arthropods with human or mammalian species. Thus, to control the disease effectively, reduction in animal-vector interaction, improving diagnostic techniques, and updating treatment regimens are essential.

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“…This may be due to older cats' previous exposure to B. henselae, resulting in effective antibodies that prevent infection. CSD occurs most frequently in children, with an incidence of 6.4 cases per 100,000 population in adults, versus 9.4 cases in the same population for children globally 11,13,16 .…”

Section: Bartonella Henselaementioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the CtrA cell cycle master regulator in Bartonella quintana

Watanabe

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This research project aimed to address the gaps in knowledge surrounding Bartonella quintana, with a specific focus on understanding its cell cycle dynamics and the mechanisms underlying its virulence. B. quintana is an intriguing pathogen due to its ability to persist for long periods within the human vascular and intraerythrocytic environment. Specifically, for B. quintana to reside inside erythrocytes without causing lysis, tight regulation of the cell cycle is required to limit its replication within this niche.CtrA is known as a master regulatory protein controlling the cell cycle in multiple alpha-proteobacteria, including C. crescentus. This study aimed to shed light on how this protein influences the cell cycle or morphology of B. quintana. The primary objective was to investigate the role of CtrA as a transcription factor within B. quintana and to evaluate the impact of CtrA overexpression on the bacterium.I first used a bioinformatics approach to identify B. quintana promoters that contained putative CtrA binding motifs. I then used a beta-galactosidase assay to investigate the impact of heterologous CtrA protein expression on the activity of two identified promoters, ftsH and ftsK. The ftsH homologue gene in C. crescentus encodes a zinc metalloprotease that is required for the stress response and that plays a role in cell division. The ftsK homologue encodes an essential protein that coordinates cell division and chromosomal segregation. The results suggested a potential repressive role of CtrA on the ftsH gene within B. quintana. Expression from the ftsK promoter, however, was not detected, either with or without CtrA.Because CtrA is an essential protein in most alpha-proteobacteria, I attempted to construct a conditional mutant. Although this strain could not be achieved in this project, the strain carrying the complementation plasmid was used to study the effects of CtrA overexpression in B. quintana. Distinct outcomes were noted in terms of viability and chromosome content between the wildtype B. quintana and those carrying the inducible ctrA plasmid. Differences in morphology were not noted, but this could be due to the lack of time available to optimise microscopy protocols.The alteration in viability and chromosomal contents observed, when ctrA expression was induced on a plasmid, suggests a potential role for CtrA in the cell cycle of B. quintana. Further investigation is warranted to explore the functions of CtrA in B. quintana, not only in the context of the cell cycle but also in other aspects of B. quintana morphology and pathogenesis.

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Bartonellosis

Cited by 6 publications

References 75 publications

Osteomyelitis associated with Bartonella henselae infection in a young cat

Osteomyelitis associated with Bartonella henselae infection in a young cat

Zoonotic Importance of Bartonellosis

Investigation of the CtrA cell cycle master regulator in Bartonella quintana

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