Bartonella Infections in HIV-infected Individuals

Koehler, Jane E.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-2882-6.50042-3

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…It is the causative agent of cat scratch disease, a human infection usually characterized by persistent regional lymphadenopathy [4] , [5] . The bacterial pathogenicity and clinical manifestations depend on the immune status of the infected host [2] , [6] – [8] . Noteworthy, B. henselae is able to adhere and invade EPCs [9] HSCs (hematopoietic stem cells) [10] other than human erythrocytes [11] , [12] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of Bacteroides fragilis Protection from Bartonella henselae-Induced Damage

et al. 2012

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Bartonella henselae is able to internalize endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which are resistant to the infection of other common pathogens. Bacteroides fragilis is a gram-negative anaerobe belonging to the gut microflora. It protects from experimental colitis induced by Helicobacter hepaticus through the polysaccharide A (PSA). The aim of our study was to establish: 1) whether B. fragilis colonization could protect from B. henselae infection; if this event may have beneficial effects on EPCs, vascular system and tissues. Our in vitro results establish for the first time that B. fragilis can internalize EPCs and competes with B. henselae during coinfection. We observed a marked activation of the inflammatory response by Real-time PCR and ELISA in coinfected cells compared to B. henselae-infected cells (63 vs 23 up-regulated genes), and after EPCs infection with mutant B. fragilis ΔPSA (≅90% up-regulated genes) compared to B. fragilis. Interestingly, in a mouse model of coinfection, morphological and ultrastructural analyses by hematoxylin-eosin staining and electron microscopy on murine tissues revealed that damages induced by B. henselae can be prevented in the coinfection with B. fragilis but not with its mutant B. fragilis ΔPSA. Moreover, immunohistochemistry analysis with anti-Bartonella showed that the number of positive cells per field decreased of at least 50% in the liver (20±4 vs 50±8), aorta (5±1 vs 10±2) and spleen (25±3 vs 40±6) sections of mice coinfected compared to mice infected only with B. henselae. This decrease was less evident in the coinfection with ΔPSA strain (35±6 in the liver, 5±1 in the aorta and 30±5 in the spleen). Finally, B. fragilis colonization was also able to restore the EPC decrease observed in mice infected with B. henselae (0.65 vs 0.06 media). Thus, our data establish that B. fragilis colonization is able to prevent B. henselae damages through PSA.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of Bacteroides fragilis Protection from Bartonella henselae-Induced Damage

et al. 2012

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“…Red or brown papules, angiomatous nodules, pedunculated lesions, or deep subcutaneous masses. 31 , 32 Bacillary peliosis: Refers to proliferative vascular lesions in liver and spleen. 33 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bartonella and intraocular inflammation: a series of cases and review of literature

Kalogeropoulos

Koumpoulis²,

Mentis³

et al. 2011

OPTH

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Purpose:To present various forms of uveitis and/or retinal vasculitis attributed to Bartonella infection and review the impact of this microorganism in patients with uveitis.Methods:Retrospective case series study. Review of clinical records of patients diagnosed with Bartonella henselae and Bartonella quintana intraocular inflammation from 2001 to 2010 in the Ocular Inflammation Department of the University Eye Clinic, Ioannina, Greece. Presentation of epidemiological and clinical data concerning Bartonella infection was provided by the international literature.Results:Eight patients with the diagnosis of Bartonella henselae and two patients with B. quintana intraocular inflammation were identified. Since four patients experienced bilateral involvement, the affected eyes totaled 14. The mean age was 36.6 years (range 12–62). Uveitic clinical entities that we found included intermediate uveitis in seven eyes (50%), vitritis in two eyes (14.2%), neuroretinitis in one eye (7.1%), focal retinochoroiditis in one eye (7.1%), branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) due to vasculitis in one eye (7.1%), disc edema with peripapillary serous retinal detachment in one eye (7.1%), and iridocyclitis in one eye (7.1%). Most of the patients (70%) did not experience systemic symptoms preceding the intraocular inflammation. Antimicrobial treatment was efficient in all cases with the exception of the case with neuroretinitis complicated by anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and tubulointerstitial nephritis.Conclusion:Intraocular involvement caused not only by B. henselae but also by B. quintana is being diagnosed with increasing frequency. A high index of suspicion is needed because the spectrum of Bartonella intraocular inflammation is very large. In our study the most common clinical entity was intermediate uveitis.

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“…Bartonella henselae is hypothesized to be the primary cause of infection [9,10]. In addition, human immunodeficiency virus infection [11] and other wasting diseases are associated with PH. The action of vascular endothelial growth factor has been observed to be important in the pathogenesis of PH [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peliosis Hepatis and Iron Deficiency – An Interesting Case Report

Anne

Suryadevara

Ramineni

et al. 2020

JAMMR

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Peliosis hepatis (PH) is a rare condition showing presence of multiple blood‑filled cystic cavities in the liver. It does not have any gender predilection, and is suspected to be idiopathic. However, in patients with predisposing diseases, its prevalence can range from 0.2 to 22%. The association between PH and anemia has not been completely established. PH has been reported in a patients with hematologic disease, and also in patient with spherocytic haemolytic anemia. It is also suggested that acute sequestration of blood can happen in these sinusoidal cavities, which can lead to development of anemia and thrombocytopenia. We present a case of 40-year female who presented with abdominal pain and recurrent iron deficiency anemia. On examination, she was severely pale, and had moderate hepatosplenomegaly. Ultrasonography showed hepatomegaly and splenomegaly, and her blood investigations revealed severe iron deficiency with bone marrow showing hypercellular marrow with depleted iron stores. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was normal. Liver biopsy showed changes suggestive of peliosis hepatis. She was treated with iron and multiple blood transfusions and is in good health 6 months post presentation. Also, the association between anemia and PH has not been established.

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Bartonella Infections in HIV-infected Individuals

Cited by 5 publications

References 66 publications

Evidence of Bacteroides fragilis Protection from Bartonella henselae-Induced Damage

Evidence of Bacteroides fragilis Protection from Bartonella henselae-Induced Damage

Bartonella and intraocular inflammation: a series of cases and review of literature

Peliosis Hepatis and Iron Deficiency – An Interesting Case Report

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