Bartonella infection in small mammals and their ectoparasites in Lithuania

Lipatova, Indrė; Paulauskas, Algimantas; Pūraitė, Irma; Radzijevskaja, Jana; Balčiauskas, Linas; Gedminas, Vaclovas

doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2015.08.013

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The prevalence of Bartonella in the rodent fleas in our study is within the ranges documented by other authors (2.1–40.5%), values that vary with respect to the geographical area and flea species analyzed (Loftis et al, 2006; Marie et al, 2006; Li et al, 2007; Bitam et al, 2012; Billeter et al, 2014; Dieme et al, 2015; Lipatova et al, 2015). Bartonella DNA was found in several flea species with variations observed in the infection prevalence of Bartonella detected between flea species (4.2–100%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Fleas of black rats (Rattus rattus) as reservoir host ofBartonellaspp. in Chile

Moreno

Espinoza-Carniglia

Schmeisser

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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Background Rattus rattus is a widely distributed, invasive species that presents an important role in disease transmission, either directly or through vector arthropods such as fleas. These black rats can transmit a wide variety of pathogens, including bacteria of the genus Bartonella, which can cause diseases in humans and animals. In Chile, no data are available identifying fleas from synanthropic rodents as Bartonella vectors. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Bartonella spp. in the fleas of R. rattus in areas with different climate conditions and featuring different human population densities. Methods In all, 174 fleas collected from 261 R. rattus captured from 30 localities with different human densities (cities, villages, and wild areas) across five hydrographic zones of Chile (hyper-arid, arid, semi-arid, sub-humid, and hyper-humid) were examined. Bartonella spp. presence was determined through polymerase chain reaction, using gltA and rpoB genes, which were concatenated to perform a similarity analysis with BLAST and phylogenetic analysis. Results Overall, 15 fleas species were identified; Bartonella gltA and rpoB fragments were detected in 21.2% (37/174) and 19.5% (34/174) of fleas, respectively. A total of 10 of the 15 fleas species found were positive for Bartonella DNA. Leptopsylla segnis was the most commonly collected flea species (n = 55), and it also presented a high prevalence of Bartonella DNA (P% = 34.5%). The highest numbers of fleas of this species were collected in villages of the arid zone. There were no seasonal differences in the prevalence of Bartonella DNA. The presence of Bartonella DNA in fleas was recorded in all hydrographic areas, and the arid zone presented the highest prevalence of this species. Regarding areas with different human densities, the highest prevalence was noted in the villages (34.8% gltA and 31.8% rpoB), followed by cities (14.8% gltA and 11.1% rpoB) and wild areas (7.4% gltA and 14.8% rpoB). The BLAST analysis showed a high similitude (>96%) with four uncharacterized Bartonella genotypes and with two species with zoonotic potential: B. mastomydis and B. tribocorum. The phylogenetic analysis showed a close relationship with B. elizabethae and B. tribocorum. This is the first study to provide evidence of the presence of Bartonella in fleas of R. rattus in Chile, indicating that the villages and arid zone correspond to areas with higher infection risk.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Fleas of black rats (Rattus rattus) as reservoir host ofBartonellaspp. in Chile

Moreno

Espinoza-Carniglia

Schmeisser

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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“…Although it cannot be stated that these flea species are competent vectors of Bartonella, as they may have consumed Bartonella-infected blood from a host with bacteremia, their role as vectors of these bacteria cannot be ruled out; as such, future laboratory tests to verify their competence are necessary (Billeter et al, 2008). The prevalence of Bartonella in the rodent fleas in our study is within the ranges documented by other authors (2.1%-40.5%), values that vary with respect to the geographical area and flea species analyzed (Loftis et al, 2006;Marie et al, 2006;Li et al, 2007;Bitam et al, 2012;Billeter et al, 2014, Dieme et al, 2015, Lipatova et al, 2015. Bartonella DNA was found in several flea species with variations observed in the infection prevalence of Bartonella detected between flea species (4.2%-100%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Peer Review #1 of "Fleas of black rats (Rattus rattus) as reservoir host of Bartonella spp. in Chile (v0.1)"

Šlapeta¹

2019

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Background. Rattus rattus is a widely distributed, invasive species that presents an important role in disease transmission, either directly or through vector arthropods such as fleas. These black rats can transmit a wide variety of pathogens, including bacteria of the genus Bartonella, which can cause diseases in humans and animals. In Chile, no data are available identifying fleas from synanthropic rodents as Bartonella vectors. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Bartonella spp. in the fleas of R. rattus in areas with different climate conditions and featuring different human population densities. Methods. In all, 174 fleas collected from 261 R. rattus captured from 30 localities with different human densities (cities, villages, and wild areas) across five hydrographic zones of Chile (hyper-arid, arid, semiarid, sub-humid, and hyper-humid) were examined. Bartonella spp. presence was determined through polymerase chain reaction, using gltA and rpoB genes, which were concatenated to perform a similarity analysis with BLAST and phylogenetic analysis. Results. Overall, 15 fleas species were identified; Bartonella gltA and rpoB fragments were detected in 21.2% (37/174) and 19.5% (34/174) of fleas, respectively. Ten of the 15 fleas species found were positive for Bartonella DNA. Leptopsylla segnis was the most commonly collected flea species (n=55), and it also presented a high prevalence of Bartonella DNA (P%=34.5%). The highest numbers of fleas of this species were collected in villages of the arid zone. There were no seasonal differences in the prevalence of Bartonella DNA. The presence of Bartonella DNA in fleas was recorded in all hydrographic areas, and the arid zone presented the highest prevalence of this species. Regarding areas with different human densities, the highest prevalence was noted in the villages (34.8% gltA and 31.8% rpoB), followed by cities (14.8% gltA and 11.1% rpoB) and wild areas (7.4% gltA and 14.8% rpoB). The BLAST analysis showed a high similitude (>96%) with four uncharacterized Bartonella genotypes and with two species with zoonotic potential: B. mastomydis and B. tribocorum. The phylogenetic analysis showed a close relationship with B. elizabethae and B. tribocorum. This is the first study to provide evidence of the presence of Bartonella in fleas of R. rattus in Chile, indicating that the villages and arid zone correspond to areas with higher infection risk.

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“…They parasitize erythrocytes and endothelial cells in mammals (Anderson and Neuman 1997). The genus Bartonella contains >30 species or subspecies, and many human diseases are caused by a variety Bartonella species, including trench fever (B. quintana), cat scratch disease (B. henselae), and Carrion's disease (B. bacilliformis) ( Jacomo et al 2002, Saisongkorh et al 2009, Breitschwerdt et al 2010a, Lipatova et al 2015. Several clinical manifestations caused by Bartonella such as cardiovascular, central nervous system, endocarditis, and hepatosplenic disease have also been described in humans (Daly et al 1993, Arisoy et al 1999, Breitschwerdt et al 2010b, Raoult 2012.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BartonellaSpecies Detected in Rodents from Eastern China

Qin

Liu

et al. 2019

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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Bartonella are vector borne gram-negative facultative intracellular bacteria. Bartonella species are associated with rodents and their flea parasites worldwide. The genetic variation and distribution of Bartonella species in rodents are not clear in China. We investigated the presence and genetic diversity of Bartonella species in rodents from eastern China. We captured rodents from 2015 to 2016 in Jiaonan County, Shandong Province, and detected Bartonella species in the spleen of rodents by PCR amplification of the citrate synthase (gltA) gene and RNA polymerase beta subunit (rpoB) gene. We found that 8.38% (16/191) of the rodents were Bartonella positive by PCR for both gltA and rpoB genes; that Bartonella sequences from the rodents were phylogenetically divided into five clades, which were closely related to B. tribocorum, B. rattimassiliensis, B. grahamii, B. fuyuanensis, and B. queenslandensis, respectively; and that each Bartonella species is rodent species-specific with B. rattimassiliensis and B. tribocorum for Rattus norvegicus, B. grahamii for Tscherskia triton, B. fuyuanensis for Apodemus agrarius, and B. queenslandensis for Niviventer confucianus. This study indicated that Bartonella organisms have a broad distribution and a variety of genotypes in rodents in eastern China and the threats to public health by these Bartonella species should be monitored in China.

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Bartonella infection in small mammals and their ectoparasites in Lithuania

Cited by 21 publications

References 17 publications

Fleas of black rats (Rattus rattus) as reservoir host ofBartonellaspp. in Chile

Fleas of black rats (Rattus rattus) as reservoir host ofBartonellaspp. in Chile

Peer Review #1 of "Fleas of black rats (Rattus rattus) as reservoir host of Bartonella spp. in Chile (v0.1)"

BartonellaSpecies Detected in Rodents from Eastern China

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