“Barriers" to Child Development and Human Potential: The Case for Including the “Neglected Enteric Protozoa" (NEP) and Other Enteropathy-Associated Pathogens in the NTDs

Bartelt, Luther A.; Lima, Aldo A. M.; Kosek, Margaret; Yori, Pablo Peñataro; Lee, Gwenyth; Guerrant, Richard L.

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002125

Cited by 35 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…However, both stunting and wasting were significantly associated with age, whereby older children were more stunted and wasted than younger children suggesting chronic nutritional insult other than intestinal helminth infection. However, recently there has been increased recognition of chronic intestinal protozoa infections as the cause of malnutrition in children and have been proposed for consideration as neglected tropical diseases that cause significant morbidity in children [32,33]. Therefore, besides the possibility of chronic inadequate dietary nutrients, chronic intestinal protozoa infections may account for the observed rate of malnutrition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosoma mansoni Infections, Undernutrition and Anaemia among Primary Schoolchildren in Two Onshore Villages in Rorya District, North-Western Tanzania

et al. 2016

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BackgroundUndernutrition and anaemia remains to be a major public health problem in many developing countries, where they mostly affect children. Intestinal parasitic infections are known to affect both growth and haemoglobin levels. Much has been reported on the impact of geohelminths on anaemia and undernutrition, leaving that of Schistosoma mansoni not well studied. Therefore this study intended to determine the association between S.mansoni infections, anaemia and undernutrition among schoolchildren in Rorya district, Northwestern Tanzania.MethodologyA cross-sectional study was carried among schoolchildren in two onshore villages namely Busanga and Kibuyi in Rorya district. Single stool specimens were collected from 513 randomly selected schoolchildren and processed for microscopic examination using the Kato-Katz method. Nutritional status was determined by anthropometry. Blood samples were also collected and examined for malaria parasites and haemoglobin levels using the Giemsa stain and HaemoCue methods, respectively. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data and associated factors.ResultsThe prevalence of S. mansoni infection and malaria was 84.02% and 9.16%, respectively. Other parasites found were Ascaris lumbricoides (1.36%) and Hookworm (1.36%). The prevalence of stunting and wasting was 38.21% and 14.42%, respectively. The prevalence of anaemia was 29.43%, whereby 0.58% had severe anaemia. S. mansoni infection was not found to be associated with undernutrition or anaemia (p>0.05). The risk of stunting and wasting increased with increasing age (p<0.001). Anaemia was associated with age, sex and village of residence (p<0.05).ConclusionsS.mansoni, undernutrition and anaemia are highly prevalent in the study area. The observed rates of undernutrition and anaemia were seen not to be associated with S.mansoni infection suggesting possibly being a result of poor dietary nutrients. This study suggests that policy makers should consider Rorya district for inclusion into national schistosomiasis control and school feeding programmes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosoma mansoni Infections, Undernutrition and Anaemia among Primary Schoolchildren in Two Onshore Villages in Rorya District, North-Western Tanzania

et al. 2016

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“…More information is needed on the effects of the “Neglected Enteric Protozoa” on child development and future potential, though basic science studies provide support for causative associations. 33 …”

Section: Paper: Headings and Subheadings To Break Up The Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Understanding the Long-Term Sequelae of Childhood Infectious Diarrhea

Scharf

DeBoer

Guerrant

2014

Curr Infect Dis Rep

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Worldwide, early childhood infectious diarrhea continues to be a significant concern. Diarrheal illness affects the world’s youngest and most vulnerable citizens disproportionately. Estimates are that over 70% of the deaths from diarrhea occur in people younger than 24 months of age. Diarrhea and environmental enteropathy have been associated with growth failure and stunting. In addition, the burden of enteric disease also leads to cognitive and academic losses, thus resulting in loss of human capital and economic productivity. While considerable progress has been made on preventing and treating childhood diarrheal illness, the mortality and morbidity still remain unacceptably high. This paper seeks to review the recent (mainly from 2013) publications surrounding the global burden of childhood diarrhea and the implications for long-term sequelae.

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“…Su prevalencia se relaciona con niveles socioeconómicos bajos y condiciones sanitarias desfavorables, donde los niños representan un grupo altamente vulnerable y a los que más afecta, provocando un círculo vicioso de desnutrición e infección, y evitando un crecimiento y desarrollo cognitivo adecuado (1) .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Elevada prevalencia de Blastocystis spp. en niños de una escuela periurbana

2016

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ResumenIntroducción. La parasitosis intestinal es un grave problema de salud pública en países en vía de desarrollo; la blastocistosis es una parasitosis emergente. Objetivos. Determinar la prevalencia de infección por Blastocystis spp. y de otros enteroparásitos en niños de una escuela periurbana. Diseño. Estudio observacional y transversal. Lugar. Escuela ubicada en el distrito de Yura en Arequipa, Perú. Participantes. 83 niños, entre 4 y 8 años de edad. Intervenciones. Las muestras de heces de los niños fueron analizadas con el método Teleman modificado; se hizo un análisis descriptivo a través del cálculo de frecuencias. Principales medidas de resultados. Presencia del parásito intestinal. Resultados. La prevalencia de Blastocystis spp. fue 81,9% (68/83), la prevalencia global de parásitos fue 96,4% (80/83); además, 80,7% (67/83) tenía más de un tipo de parásito. Conclusiones. Existe una elevada prevalencia de Blastocystis spp. y de otros enteroparásitos; también, un elevado poliparasitismo en la población escolar estudiada. Es el primer estudio realizado en dicha comunidad. Palabras clave. Infecciones por Blastocystis; Parasitosis Intestinales; Niño; Perú. Abstract Introduction. Intestinal parasitosis is a serious public health problem in developing countries, and blastocystosis is an emerging parasitosis. Objectives. To determine the prevalence of infection by Blastocystis spp. and other intestinal parasites in children from a periurban school. Design. Observational and transversal study. Location. A school located in the district of Yura in Arequipa, Peru. Participants. 83 children between 4 and 8 years old. Interventions. Stool samples obtained from the children were analyzed with the modified Telemann method; a descriptive analysis was done by calculating frequency. Main outcome measures. Presence of the intestinal parasite. Results. The prevalence of Blastocystis spp. was 81.9% (68/83), the overall prevalence of parasites was 96.4% (80/83), and 80.7% (67/83) had more than one type of parasite. Conclusions. There was a high prevalence of Blastocystis spp. and other intestinal parasites in the sample studied. There was also a high polyparasitism in the school population studied. This is the first study in this community.

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“Barriers" to Child Development and Human Potential: The Case for Including the “Neglected Enteric Protozoa" (NEP) and Other Enteropathy-Associated Pathogens in the NTDs

Cited by 35 publications

References 51 publications

Schistosoma mansoni Infections, Undernutrition and Anaemia among Primary Schoolchildren in Two Onshore Villages in Rorya District, North-Western Tanzania

Schistosoma mansoni Infections, Undernutrition and Anaemia among Primary Schoolchildren in Two Onshore Villages in Rorya District, North-Western Tanzania

Recent Advances in Understanding the Long-Term Sequelae of Childhood Infectious Diarrhea

Elevada prevalencia de Blastocystis spp. en niños de una escuela periurbana

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