Barriers and Solutions to Smart Water Grid Development

Cheong, So‐Min; Choi, Gye-Woon; Lee, Ho-Sun

doi:10.1007/s00267-015-0637-3

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The major desalination plant that began functioning at the end of 2014 was Ras Al-Khair in Saudi Arabia. This plant produces around 728,000 cubic meters of desalination water per day by employing MSF and RO technology as revealed by Cheong et al (2016). The second biggest desalination plant is Carlsbad in California, United States, which generates around 190,000 cubic meters of desalination water a day by applying RO equipment, released in December 2015, Heck et al (2016).…”

Section: Introduction *mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Absorber Types of Conventional Distillers on the Amount of Distilled Water Production

Mirmanto¹,

Wirawan²,

Sayoga³

et al. 2019

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer

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Due to clean water crisis in the dry season in some places in Indonesia, experiments to find the best distiller to provide distilled water were performed. The long-term goal of this study is to create a distiller that is cheap, simple, easy to make, durable, low maintenance, but produces plenty of distilled water. Three identical conventional distillers with different absorbers had been tested for about 6 days in May 2019. These three distillers were used to evaporate and condense seawater to be distilled water. The absorbers types employed were type A, B, and C. The results show that the distiller with the type C absorber is the best distiller. The distilled water produced is 1.3 liter per day. Therefore, this distilleris recommended to use, develop and study further.

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Section: Introduction *mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Absorber Types of Conventional Distillers on the Amount of Distilled Water Production

Mirmanto¹,

Wirawan²,

Sayoga³

et al. 2019

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer

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“…The largest desalination plant which started to operate at the end of 2014 is Ras Al-Khair in Saudi Arabia. This plant produces about 728,000 cubic meters of desalinated water per day by implementing both the MSF and RO technologies [8]. The second largest desalination plant is Carlsbad in California, USA which produces about 190,000 cubic meters of desalinated water per day by implementing RO technology, opened in December 2015 [9].…”

Section: Desalination Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Water Desalination Systems Integrated with Renewable Energy

2017

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Water and energy are indispensable entities for any flourishing life and civilization. The water and energy scarcities have emerged due to the dramatic growth in the population, standards of living, and the rapid development of the agricultural and industrial sectors. Desalination seems to be one of the most promising solutions to the water problem; however, it is an intensive energy process. The integration of the renewable energy into water desalination systems has become increasingly attractive due to the growing demand for the water and energy, and the reduction of the contributions to the carbon footprint. The intensive investigations on the conventional desalination systems, especially in the oil-rich countries have somewhat overshadowed the progress and implementation of the renewable energy desalination (RED) systems. The economic performance evaluation of the RED systems and its comparison with conventional systems is not conclusive due to many varying factors related to the level of technology, the source of energy availability, and the government subsidy. The small RED plants have a high capital cost, low efficiency and productivity which make RED systems uncompetitive with the conventional ones. However, the selection of the small RED plants for the remote arid areas with small water demands is viable due to the elimination of the high cost of the water transportation, and the connection to the electricity grid. The purpose of this paper is to review the technology, energy, and cost of the recent available desalination systems and their potential to be integrated with the renewable energy resources. This review suggests that the solar still distillation (SD) system, which is simply a natural evaporation-condensation process, is the most practical renewable desalination technique to be used in the remote arid areas; however, a further research is required to enhance their performance and to increase the productivities of these systems.

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“…A whole-system perspective is necessary for the transformation of UWM systems and technologies need to be adapted to local conditions. 7,166 Very different barriers need to be addressed as a myriad of factors affect innovation processes 21,214,223,230…”

Section: Challenges Of Data-driven Uwmmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Knowing More: A Review of Data-Driven Urban Water Management

Eggimann

Mutzner

Wani

et al. 2017

Environ. Sci. Technol.

180

124

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The promise of collecting and utilizing large amounts of data has never been greater in the history of urban water management (UWM). This paper reviews several data-driven approaches which play a key role in bringing forward a sea change. It critically investigates whether data-driven UWM offers a promising foundation for addressing current challenges and supporting fundamental changes in UWM. We discuss the examples of better rain-data management, urban pluvial flood-risk management and forecasting, drinking water and sewer network operation and management, integrated design and management, increasing water productivity, wastewater-based epidemiology and on-site water and wastewater treatment. The accumulated evidence from literature points toward a future UWM that offers significant potential benefits thanks to increased collection and utilization of data. The findings show that data-driven UWM allows us to develop and apply novel methods, to optimize the efficiency of the current network-based approach, and to extend functionality of today's systems. However, generic challenges related to data-driven approaches (e.g., data processing, data availability, data quality, data costs) and the specific challenges of data-driven UWM need to be addressed, namely data access and ownership, current engineering practices and the difficulty of assessing the cost benefits of data-driven UWM.

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Barriers and Solutions to Smart Water Grid Development

Cited by 30 publications

References 11 publications

Effect of Absorber Types of Conventional Distillers on the Amount of Distilled Water Production

Effect of Absorber Types of Conventional Distillers on the Amount of Distilled Water Production

A Review of the Water Desalination Systems Integrated with Renewable Energy

The Potential of Knowing More: A Review of Data-Driven Urban Water Management

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