Barriers and Motivators to Weight Loss in People With Obesity

Abstract

Introduction: Obesity has become a global public health challenge with associated health risks. Effective weight-loss interventions are crucial to mitigating these risks and improving overall well-being. However, individuals with obesity often encounter various barriers that hinder their weight loss efforts, while specific motivators can drive them towards successful outcomes. This systematic review aimed to explore the barriers and motivators to weight loss in people with obesity. Methods: A literature search was conducted using relevant keywords in electronic databases such as PubMed, Medline, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar. Studies published in peer-reviewed journals during the last 10 years were considered for inclusion. We included studies investigating both barriers and/or motivators to weight loss published in English. Results: The findings showed that motivators for weight loss include health concerns, body satisfaction, family support, normalcy restoration, emotional encouragement, self-determination, and mindful food choices. Motivators involve exercise facilities, balanced diets, and assistance from healthcare providers, peers, friends, or family. Gender influences healthcare providers’ influence on weight loss, with women trusting providers more while men lean towards medication options. Healthcare providers play a role in impacting weight loss through discussions and educating patients. Age also influences motivators; adolescents emphasize health, self-esteem, and bullying avoidance, while young women focus on lifestyle influence, resources, and joy. Barriers include insufficient self-control, physical pain, time constraints, dietary restrictions, and a lack of support. Logistical issues, patient readiness, healthcare providers' views, resource scarcity, and social dynamics are also barriers. Dietary barriers involve triggers, emotional states, and limited healthy options. School-aged children with obesity face curriculum challenges and resource scarcity. Conclusion: These findings show the intricate interplay between motivators and barriers, underscoring the multifaceted nature of weight loss in people with obesity. Targeted interventions that address these factors holistically are essential for successful weight management.

Public Policies on Obesity: A Literature Review of Global Challenges and Response Strategies

“…While we have seen some important steps aimed at reversing the global obesity epidemic, the unrelenting growth suggests that our efforts are not enough [25]. In the coming years, as the world grapples with the rising burden of obesity and chronic disease alongside the epidemic, there will be an urgent need for coordinated action across all countries/regions and sectors of society to prioritize the reduction of obesity risk factors to ensure the health and well-being of the global population.…”

“…Policies need to consider cultural and social contexts to ensure their relevance and effectiveness, approaches that respect diverse cultural backgrounds and address social determinants of health are more likely to be successful [26]. Also, global and regional collaborations can influence obesity policy-making by facilitating the exchange of best practices, sharing experiences, and coordinating efforts [25]. International organizations, such as the WHO, play a vital role in setting global agendas, providing guidance, and supporting countries in developing obesity policies.…”