“…These tools have proved their effectiveness in many ways, such as enhancing customer satisfaction, having better working environment, reducing change orders and conflicts, having a design that is more reliable and closer to field conditions, reducing variability, having accurate pricing and schedule, and others (Haugseth et al, 2014;Caixeta et al, 2013;Jang et al, 2007;Gil et al, 2000;Miles, 1998;Wøien et al, 2016;Spang and Riemann, 2014;Pheng et al, 2015). However, the lack of involvement, cooperation, and transparency among the stakeholder (Alarc on et al, 2005;AlSehaimi et al, 2014;Awada et al, 2016;Aziz and Hafez, 2013;Bashir et al, 2015;Cano et al, 2015;Fernandez-Solis et al, 2012;Hamzeh et al, 2016;Kim and Park, 2006;Olamilokun, 2015;Olatunji, 2008;Marhani et al, 2013;Mossman, 2009), inaccurate and incomplete design and the lack of involving contractors in the design phase (Alinaitwe, 2009;Olamilokun, 2015;Olatunji, 2008;Rooke et al, 2007;Sarhan and Fox, 2013;Seymour and Rooke, 2000;Shammas-Toma et al, 1998;Gao and Low, 2014a) and the reluctance of the projects parties to share the risks hinder the adoption of these tools (Li and Ma, 2017;Awada et al, 2016;Olamilokun, 2015).…”