Barrenness and Changes in Tassel Development and Flowering Habit of Hybrid Maize Associated with Low Air Temperatures

Hayashi, Taku; Makino, T.; Sato, Narichika; Deguchi, Kenzaburo

doi:10.1626/pps.18.93

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In the farmer's field in 2003, tassels with fewer spikelets (reduced tassel length) and less fertile ears (lack of kernel set) were observed in cultivar 39B29 as described in Hayashi et al (2015), but not in cultivar Papirika via the visual assessment (Figure 2). The ear dry weight and the ratio of ear dry weight to whole crop dry weight was 337 kg 10a −1 and 26.3% in 39B29, and 547 kg 10a −1 and 46.3% in Papirika at the farmer's field.…”

Section: Flowering Conditions and Tassel Morphogenesis In Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…As Kwiss was not cultivated in 2003 in the Konsen region, its sensitivity to cool summer condition is unknown. Growth conditions in pots were the same as those reported previously (Hayashi et al, 2015). In brief, plants were grown in a greenhouse at KAES using 1/2000 a Wagner pots.…”

Section: Plant Materials and Culture Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The plants were treated at 13 °C for 15 d or 21 d at the sensitive stage described previously (Hayashi et al, 2015) (i.e. 8-leaf stage) by moving the pots from the greenhouse to the air conditioned rooms (Koito Industries, yokohama, Japan.…”

Section: Low-temperature Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The leaf stage (LS) was determined as described previously (Hayashi et al, 2015); the number of expanded leaves included the lowermost short true leaf and ended with the uppermost developed leaf, and the leaf just above the uppermost developed leaf was used for determining the decimal number, which was a ratio of the length of the elongated part. Since each plant was assigned to a treatment group just after thinning, and the plant growth differed slightly among pots, the actual LS at the start of the treatment differed from the expected stage.…”

Section: Low-temperature Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this region in 2003, a very cool summer year, severe barrenness occurred in the cultivar widely used in maize fields. One of the reasons for the barrenness in 2003 was due to the abnormal tassel growth (delayed anthesis from silking and reduced tassel length) caused by the extremely low-air temperature and low-solar radiation at the tassel development stage (Hayashi et al, 2015). To prevent the occurrence of barrenness associated with low temperature, more information on the varietal difference in the sensitivity to low temperature is needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Varietal difference in the effects of low temperature on tassel development in hybrid maize

Hayashi

2016

Plant Production Science

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In 2003, severe barrenness due to low temperatures in hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) cultivar occurred in the Konsen region, one of the coldest areas in Japan. Varietal difference in grain set, and abnormal flowering habits and tassel growth were observed in the field in 2003. For the cultivar 39B29, which was affected severely, anthesis occurred several days after silking, and tassel size was reduced. For the cultivar Papirika, which was not affected by low temperature, anthesis began 0-1 d before silking, and tassel size was similar to that in previous years. In a 2011-2013 experiment, three varieties, Papirika, 39B29, and Kwiss were treated at 10 °C for 7 d at 6-to 9-leaf stage. Following the treatment, anthesis was delayed, and tassel length was reduced, in 39B29 and Kwiss, but not in Papirika. The relative tassel length (RTL, ratio of tassel length of experimental plants to that of untreated control plants) was around 60 in 39B29, 80 in Papirika, and 30 in Kwiss on average over 3 years. Based on field observations in 2003 and the pot experiment in 2011-2013, a cultivar whose RTL was 60 or less was deemed sensitive, and a cultivar whose RTL was 80 or more was deemed less sensitive to lowtemperature stress during the tassel development stage.

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Section: Flowering Conditions and Tassel Morphogenesis In Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Plant Materials and Culture Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Low-temperature Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Low-temperature Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Varietal difference in the effects of low temperature on tassel development in hybrid maize

Hayashi

2016

Plant Production Science

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Severe storm damage and short‐term weather stresses on corn: A review

Lindsey,

Ortez,

Thomison

et al. 2024

Crop Science

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Adverse weather conditions from acute events (e.g., storms causing lodging, flooding, or hail) or short‐duration weather patterns (i.e., periods of cold events; extended waterlogged field conditions) can result in yield losses, though management practices may play key roles in aiding with crop recovery or avoidance of these stress events. This review summarizes current knowledge (with emphasis placed on the US Midwest) related to corn response to short‐term weather stresses of (i) cold temperature, (ii) excess water, (iii) hail/defoliation damage, and (iv) wind damage. Each section presents summaries of how corn growth and yield are affected, provides context into past events experienced, identifies agronomic or production recommendations to correct or alleviate the stress condition, and proposes areas where future research is needed. This review also highlights challenges associated with controlled simulation work on these stressors, and also identifies key areas to expand future research efforts. In general, yield losses associated with strong storms and short‐term weather events often ranged from 5% to 35%, but extreme cases could result in up to 80%–100% yield loss. Much of the literature on these topics was published prior to 1995, though it still forms the basis for modern agronomic guidance, which is problematic given the changes in agriculture in the last 20 years in management practices, available genetics and technologies, and changing environmental conditions. Revisiting these foundational studies and expanding them to examine current and future weather conditions are critical for better informing agronomic recommendations, for devising mitigation strategies, and for determining accurate yield loss expectations following these stresses.

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Optimized canopy structure improves maize grain yield and resource use efficiency

Liu

Yang

Liu

et al. 2022

Food and Energy Security

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Improved canopy structure was instrumental in setting maize yield records, and yet it has rarely been examined in China. At Qitai Farm in Xinjiang, we conducted a 4‐year field experiment using China's six highest‐yielding maize hybrids sorted into three yield level groups that were grown at similar growth durations and at optimum densities. The average yield of high‐yield level (HL, 22.3 Mg ha−1) was 7.2% and 24.6% higher than that of medium‐yield level (ML) and low‐yield level (LL), respectively. For each yield level, we measured morphological traits that influence canopy structure and yield. They included plant height, ear height, ear ratio, internode length, leaf numbers, leaf angle, LOV, leaf area, and spatial density of leaf area. Among the preceding morphological traits of the three yield levels, HL’s best optimized the canopy structure, as shown by improved light distribution (19.0% light transmission at the ear) and increased light interception per unit leaf area per day (LIPA, 51.7 MJ m−2 day−1) in the canopy. In comparison, light transmission was 12.2% and 15.9% at the ear and the total LIPAs were 37.2 and 29.0 MJ m−2 day−1 at silking for ML and LL, respectively. HL had significantly longer leaf area duration and a higher photosynthetic rate, especially at the grain filling stage, and its total accumulated biomass at maturity was significantly better (by 13.9%) than LL’s. HL’s harvest index (0.54) was significantly higher than that of ML (0.52) and LL (0.48). HL’s radiation and heat use efficiencies were 2.61% and 1.37 g °C−1 day−1 m−2, both significantly greater than those of ML and LL. Therefore, optimum maize plant types can significantly improve canopy structure and increase resource use efficiency and grain yield.

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Barrenness and Changes in Tassel Development and Flowering Habit of Hybrid Maize Associated with Low Air Temperatures

Cited by 15 publications

References 18 publications

Varietal difference in the effects of low temperature on tassel development in hybrid maize

Varietal difference in the effects of low temperature on tassel development in hybrid maize

Severe storm damage and short‐term weather stresses on corn: A review

Optimized canopy structure improves maize grain yield and resource use efficiency

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