Baroreflex function and pressor responsiveness in normotensive young subjects with a family history of hypertension.

Takata, Shigeo; Iwase, Nobuo; Okuwa, Hitoshi; Ogawa, Jun; Ikeda, Takayuki; Hattori, Nobu

doi:10.1253/jcj.49.990

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…When the arterial system is less compliant, this results in a continuous increased stretch of the baroreceptors, causing a downregulation, i.e., a loss of sensitivity, in turn altering autonomic function by lowering parasympathetic modulation and increasing sympathetic outflow. Support for this attenuation in BRS has been observed in normotensive relatives of hypertensive patients (18,59). Furthermore, the loss of BRS has been shown to be a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in postmyocardial infarction patients (34,53).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Low arterial compliance in young African-American males

Zion

Bond

Adams

et al. 2003

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hypertension remains a common public health challenge because of its prevalence and increase in co-morbid cardiovascular diseases. Black males have disproportionate pathophysiological consequences of hypertension compared with any other group in the United States. Alterations in arterial wall compliance and autonomic function often precede the onset of disease. Accordingly, our purpose was to investigate whether differences exist in arterial compliance and autonomic function between young, healthy African-American males without evidence of hypertension and age- and gender-matched non-African-American males. All procedures were carried out noninvasively following rest. Arterial compliance was calculated as the integrated area starting at the well-defined nadir of the incisura of the dicrotic notch to the end of diastole of the radial artery pulse wave. Power spectral analysis of heart rate and blood pressure variability provided distributions representative of parasympathetic and sympathetic modulations and sympathovagal balance. Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) was calculated using the sequence method. Thirty-two African-American and twenty-nine non-African-American males were comparable in anthropometrics and negative family history of hypertension. t-Tests revealed lower arterial compliance (5.8 ± 2.4 vs. 8.6 ± 4.0 mmHg · s; P = 0.0017), parasympathetic modulation (8.9 ± 1.1 vs. 9.7 ± 1.1 ln ms2; P = 0.0063), and BRS (13.7 ± 7.3 vs. 21.1 ± 8.5 ms/mmHg; P = 0.0007) and higher sympathovagal balance (2.9 ± 3.2 vs. 1.5 ± 1.1; P = 0.03) in the African-American group. In summary, differences exist in arterial compliance and autonomic balance in African-American males. These alterations may be antecedent markers of disease and valuable in the detection of degenerative cardiovascular processes in individuals at risk.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Low arterial compliance in young African-American males

Zion

Bond

Adams

et al. 2003

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, patients with essential hypertension exhibit diminished cardiopulmonary baroreceptor sensitivity (Eckberg et al 1988), whereas borderline hypertensives possess reduced arterial baroreceptor sensitivity (Takeshita et al 1975). It has been shown that baroreXex control of heart rate in young normotensives with a family history of hypertension was impaired (Iwase et al 1984;Takata et al 1985). Impaired cardiopulmonary baroreceptor sensitivity has also been found in young normotensives with a family history of hypertension (Ookuwa et al 1987;Hamer et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular and baroreceptor abnormalities in young males with a family history of hypertension

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vascular and baroreceptor abnormalities in 44 young males, mean age 21 years, comprising of offspring with (FH(+); n = 22) and without (FH(-); n = 22) hypertensive parents, were investigated. Peak forearm blood flow (FBF), which was defined as the highest blood flow obtained following reactive hyperaemia, was assessed using strain gauge plethysmography following 5 min of ischemia. Cardiopulmonary baroreceptor sensitivity was assessed using lower body negative pressure for 5 min at -20 mmHg and was determined by calculating change of stroke volume and forearm vascular resistance (FVR) to lower body negative pressure. Carotid baroreceptor sensitivity was assessed using neck suction at -20, -40, -60, and -80 mmHg and was calculated by dividing RR interval by systolic blood pressure. Augmentation index, a measure of wave reflection, was assessed using applanation tonometry and was calculated as the ratio of augmented pressure and pulse pressure. Peak FBF of FH(+) was 19% lower than the FH(-) (p = 0.02). Also FH(+) had 17% higher peak FVR compared to FH(-) (p = 0.04). However, there were no significant differences between groups for cardiopulmonary, carotid baroreceptor sensitivity, and augmentation index. These results suggest that peripheral vascular dysfunction appears earlier than abnormal baroreceptor sensitivity in young males with a family history of hypertension.

show abstract

“…28 Our findings are not consistent with a previous study in normotensive humans in which sodium loading did not affect baroreceptor reflex sensitivity as determined from the heart rate response to a phenylephrine bolus. 29 There are multiple mechanisms whereby sodium may affect the arterial baroreceptor reflex loop. Sodium may alter local factors that regulate baroreceptor function, influence central integration of afferent neuronal impulses, modulate sympathetic efferent traffic, or modify vascular responsiveness to sympathetic stimuli.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium depresses arterial baroreceptor reflex function in normotensive humans.

et al. 1991

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sodium may contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertension by impairing arterial baroreceptor reflex function. The objectives of this study were to 1) determine whether a high sodium diet depresses arterial baroreceptor reflex function in normotensive humans, and 2) determine whether alterations in baroreceptor reflex function are related to changes in arterial compliance. Seventeen normotensive men, aged 30 ±2 years, received 10 and 200 meq sodium per day diets, each for 5 days, in a randomized crossover trial. Carotid baroreceptor reflex function was assessed by measuring the blood pressure response to sequential neck suction (0, -10, -20, and -30 mm Hg) and neck pressure (0, +10, +20, and +30 mm Hg). Forearm vascular resistance was determined by venous occlusion plethysmography. Arterial compliance was evaluated by calculating the quotient of the diastolic blood pressure decay time constant and forearm vascular resistance. Blood pressure averaged 124±3/62±2 mm Hg on the low sodium diet and 122±3/60±2 mm Hg on the high sodium diet (p-NS). Baroreceptor reflex slopes representing the systolic and diastolic blood pressure responses to changes in neck chamber pressure were steeper in the subjects when randomly assigned to low sodium diet than to high sodium diet Diastolic blood pressure decay time and forearm arterial compliance were similar during low and high sodium intake. We conclude that short-term exposure to a high sodium diet depresses carotid baroreceptor reflex function in normotensive humans. This observation cannot be attributed to changes in the arterial compliance. (Hypertension 1991; 17:989-996)

show abstract

Baroreflex function and pressor responsiveness in normotensive young subjects with a family history of hypertension.

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

Low arterial compliance in young African-American males

Low arterial compliance in young African-American males

Vascular and baroreceptor abnormalities in young males with a family history of hypertension

Sodium depresses arterial baroreceptor reflex function in normotensive humans.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About