Barnacle cyprid motility and distribution in the water column as an indicator of the settlement-inhibiting potential of nontoxic antifouling chemistries

Maleschlijski, Stojan; Bauer, Silvia; Fino, Alessio Di; Sendra, Gonzalo Hernán; Clare, Anthony S.; Rosenhahn, Axel

doi:10.1080/08927014.2014.966097

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…23 More recent research has extended the 2D analysis to three dimensions by using stereoscopy. 24 This technique has allowed quantification of swimming behavior at various distances away from a surface, which can be correlated with the settlement preferences of larvae for surfaces with different chemistries ( Figure 5). 24 The technique of tracking the behavior of larvae and spores has enabled a better understanding of how novel, non-toxic coatings function and has provided insight into the fundamental understanding of organismal settlement behavior.…”

Section: Understanding Antifouling Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods of assessing antifouling and foul-release efficacy of non-toxic marine coatings

Wendt

2017

Green Materials

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The ability to assess the performance of novel, non-toxic coatings is essential to developing environmentally benign solutions to control biofouling, which is the accumulation of organisms on man-made structures in aquatic environments. In the past decade, the methods for screening experimental coatings have increased and subsequently improved the ability to down-select the best candidate coatings rapidly. The standard approaches involve a series of assays that first examine the efficacy of non-toxic coatings as antifouling surfaces by quantifying the settlement of algal spores and invertebrate larval stages. Following settlement assays, coatings are often tested for their efficacy at limiting adhesion (i.e. 'foul-release' performance) by using a variety of techniques and marine organisms, including bacteria, algae and invertebrate larval and adult stages. This overview serves to describe the current techniques and technologies used in assessing marine coatings and acts as a gateway into the primary literature.

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Section: Understanding Antifouling Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods of assessing antifouling and foul-release efficacy of non-toxic marine coatings

Wendt

2017

Green Materials

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“…Video tracking allows observation and analysis of the motion of larvae and thus insight into their pre-settlement behavior (Lagersson and Høeg 2002, Marechal, Hellio et al 2004, Prendergast, Zurn et al 2008, Aldred, Li et al 2010. Stereoscopic tracking adds the missing third dimension, required for calculation of parameters such as velocity and directedness, and enables a detailed analysis of cyprid distributions and swimming parameters as function of coating properties (Maleschlijski, Bauer et al 2014, Maleschlijski, Bauer et al 2015. Further, the surface exploratory behavior in direct contact with the substratum differs when different surface chemistries are applied .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging SPR combined with stereoscopic 3D tracking to study barnacle cyprid–surface interactions

et al. 2016

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Barnacle larvae (cyprids) explore surfaces to identify suitable settlement sites. This process is selective, and cyprids respond to numerous surface cues. To better understand the settlement process, it is desirable to simultaneously monitor both the surface exploration behavior and any close interactions with the surface. Stereoscopic 3D tracking of the cyprids provides quantitative access to surface exploration and pre-settlement rituals. Imaging surface plasmon resonance (SPR) reveals any interactions with the surfaces, such as surface inspection during bipedal walking and deposition of temporary adhesives. We report on a combination of both techniques to bring together information on swimming behavior in the vicinity of the interface and physical interactions of the cyprid with the surface. The technical requirements for the setup are described, and we applied the setup to cyprids of Balanus amphitrite. Initial data shows the applicability of the combined setup to correlate exploration and touchdown events on surfaces with different chemical termination.

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“…One important limitation of two-dimensional tracking is that quantification is only reliable for motions within the projected plane. Three-dimensional tracking fills this gap, and quantitative behavioural parameters such as swimming distances, velocities and turn angles can accurately be determined for the intrinsically three-dimensional motion of cyprids [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of the pre-settlement behaviour of barnacle cyprids

Maleschlijski

Bauer

Aldred

et al. 2015

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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Barnacle cyprids exhibit a complex swimming and exploratory behaviour on surfaces and settlement is a consequence of extensive surface probing and selection of suitable settlement sites. In this work, the behaviour of cyprids in their pre-settlement phase was studied by three-dimensional video stereoscopy. With this technique, three-dimensional trajectories were obtained that were quantitatively analysed. The velocity during vertical sinking of cyprids of Balanus amphitrite was used with a modified form of Stokes' law to calculate their mean body density. Furthermore, a classification of the swimming patterns allowed the extension of existing models describing cyprid locomotion and swimming behaviour. The patterns were characterized with respect to their occurrence, transition between patterns and their velocity distribution, and motions were identified that led to surface contacts. This analysis provides a classification framework, which can assist future attempts to identify behavioural responses of cyprids to specific settlement cues.

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Barnacle cyprid motility and distribution in the water column as an indicator of the settlement-inhibiting potential of nontoxic antifouling chemistries

Cited by 14 publications

References 54 publications

Methods of assessing antifouling and foul-release efficacy of non-toxic marine coatings

Methods of assessing antifouling and foul-release efficacy of non-toxic marine coatings

Imaging SPR combined with stereoscopic 3D tracking to study barnacle cyprid–surface interactions

Classification of the pre-settlement behaviour of barnacle cyprids

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