Barium and its Importance as an Indicator of (Paleo)Productivity

Liguori, Bianca T.P.; Almeida, Marcelo Gomes de; Rezende, Carlos Eduardo de

doi:10.1590/0001-3765201620140592

Cited by 39 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Based on this, a positive correlation between excess Ba and carbon export was established in modern marine sediments and used to infer palaeoproductivity (Bains et al, 2000). The Ba/Al ratio in modern seas gives an estimate of palaeoproductivity if compared with the detrital Ba/Al ratio (McManus et al, 1998;Reitz et al, 2004;Liguori et al, 2016). Guryul Ba values and Ba/Al ratios vary a lot but are compatible with the Ullueng samples ( Figure 21, Table S3).…”

Section: F I G U R E 2mentioning

confidence: 90%

Palaeoenvironments and elemental geochemistry across the marine Permo‐Triassic boundary section, Guryul Ravine (Kashmir, India) and a comparison with other North Indian passive margin sections

Brookfield

Stebbins

Williams

et al. 2019

The Depositional Record

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The Guryul Permian-Triassic sediments were deposited on a passive margin in a partially enclosed basin, at a latitude of about 45°S along the southern margin of the Neotethys Ocean. The closest modern analogy is the Japan Sea rotated into a southern hemisphere orientation. Guryul element variations are subdued, mostly lithological, and take place across the change from the dominantly sandy shallow-water Permian Zewan Formation into the dominantly shaly deeper-water latest Permian-Triassic Khunamuh Formation, and not at the palaeontological Permian-Triassic boundary.The overall geochemistry of the Guryul sediments is very similar to that of the Ulleung Basin in the Japan Sea, where the sediments are 40%-60% eolian from loess and redeposited loess in the North China Basin. The overall Guryul geochemistry indicates that the sediments were derived from dominantly silica-rich continental rather than silica-poor sources although with some more silica-poor inputs at times. Element ratios suggest increasing aridity and wind abrasion across the Permian-Triassic boundary. Various geochemical redox proxies suggest mainly oxic depositional conditions, with episodes of anoxia, but with little systematic variation across the extinction boundary. Productivity proxies suggest a slight decrease across the Permian-Triassic boundary, and at least one more decreased interval in the Early Triassic. The similar geochemistry of other localities indicate that the Guryul geochemical changes are regional in extent and representative of the North Indian Permian-Triassic passive margin. The lack of consistent element geochemical changes across the boundary accompanied by significant C, S, and other isotopic changes suggests that atmospheric and oceanic chemistry rather than physical changes, such as provenance, climate and sea-level changes, drove the Permian-Triassic environmental changes and extinctions at least on the mid-latitude Tethyan shelf of northern India. K E Y W O R D S Extinction, geochemistry, Kashmir, Permian-Triassic 76 | BROOKFIELD Et aL. F I G U R E 1 Late Permian palaeogeography (courtesy of Chris Scotese): Early Triassic "dead zone" from Sun et al. (2012); Winds from Kiehl and Shields (2005). Locations of cited Permo-Triassic boundary section in open circles with names in bold face 78 | BROOKFIELD Et aL. F I G U R E 8 Biostratigraphy of the Guryul Permian-Triassic boundary section showing stratigraphic range of fossils and number of species in each subdivision (data from Nakazawa et al., 1975). Bryo -bryozoans. Gastr -gastropods. Note that there is little extinction at the Zewan-Khunamuh Formation boundary and the main extinction (and new species appearance) is at the FAD of Hindeodus parvus, and the first inferred anoxic level marked by pyrite framboids.

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Section: F I G U R E 2mentioning

confidence: 90%

Palaeoenvironments and elemental geochemistry across the marine Permo‐Triassic boundary section, Guryul Ravine (Kashmir, India) and a comparison with other North Indian passive margin sections

Brookfield

Stebbins

Williams

et al. 2019

The Depositional Record

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“…Modeling has indicated that differences in meiofaunal communities between the two bays were also correlated with higher concentrations of organic matter (and very coarse silt) and barium in Newcomb Bay. Barium is considered to be a useful proxy for primary productivity in paleo studies (Prakash Babu et al, 2002;Liguori et al, 2016) and together with generally higher levels of organic matter in sediments may indicate generally higher levels of primary production in Newcomb Bay.…”

Section: Environmental Influences On Meiofaunal Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity, Abundance, Spatial Variation, and Human Impacts in Marine Meiobenthic Nematode and Copepod Communities at Casey Station, East Antarctica

et al. 2020

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The composition, spatial structure, diversity and abundance of Antarctic nematode and copepod meiobenthic communities was examined in shallow (5-25 m) marine coastal sediments at Casey Station, East Antarctica. The sampling design incorporated spatial scales ranging from 10 meters to kilometers and included testing for human impacts by comparing polluted (metal and hydrocarbon contaminated sediments adjacent to old waste disposal sites) and control areas. A total of 38 nematode genera and 20 copepod families were recorded with nematodes being dominant, comprising up to 95% of the total abundance. Variation was greatest at the largest scale (km's) but each location had distinct assemblages. At smaller scales there were different patterns of variation for nematodes and copepods. There were significant differences between communities at control and impacted locations. Community patterns had strong correlations with concentrations of metals introduced by human activity in sediments as well as sediment grain size and total organic content. Given the strong association with environmental patterns, particularly those associated with human impacts, we provide further evidence that meiofauna are very useful indicators of anthropogenic environmental changes in Antarctica.

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“…Barite remains stable under oxidizing conditions, but becomes demineralized when reducing conditions are present [105,108,109].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractionation Trends and Variability of Rare Earth Elements and Selected Critical Metals in Pelagic Sediment from Abyssal Basin of NE Pacific (Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone)

et al. 2020

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The geochemical and mineralogical characteristics of pelagic sediments collected from the Interoceanmetal Joint Organization (IOM) claim area, located in the eastern part of the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone (CCFZ; eastern tropical Pacific), are described in this paper. The concentrations of rare earth elements (REE), as well as other selected critical elements contained in 135 sediment samples of siliceous clayey silts, are presented. The vertical and spatial variabilities of elements, with particular emphasis on REE as well as metals of the highest economic interest such as Cu, Ni, and Co, are detailed. The applied methods include grain size analysis by laser diffraction, geochemistry examination using ICP-MS, XRF, AAS, and CNS spectrometry, and XRD analysis of mineral composition (Rietveld method). Additionally, statistical methods such as factor analysis (FA) and principal components analysis (PCA) were applied to the results. Finally, a series of maps was prepared by geostatistical methods (universal kriging). Grain size analysis showed poor sorting of the examined fine-grained silts. ICP-MS indicated that total REE contents varied from 200 to 577 ppm, with a mean of 285 ppm, which is generally low. The contents of critical metals such as Cu, Ni, and Co were also low to moderate, apart from some individual sampling stations where total contents were 0.15% or more. Metal composition in sediments was dominated by Cu, Ni, and Zn. A mineral composition analysis revealed the dominance of amorphous biogenic opaline silica (27–58%), which were mostly remnants of diatoms, radiolarians, and sponges associated with clay minerals (23% to 48%), mostly Fe-smectite and illite, with mixed-layered illite/smectite. The high abundance of diagenetic barite crystals found in SEM−EDX observations explains the high content of Ba (up to 2.4%). The sediments showed complex lateral and horizontal fractionation trends for REE and critical metals, caused mostly by clay components, early diagenetic processes, admixtures of allogenic detrital minerals, or scavenging by micronodules.

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Barium and its Importance as an Indicator of (Paleo)Productivity

Cited by 39 publications

References 58 publications

Palaeoenvironments and elemental geochemistry across the marine Permo‐Triassic boundary section, Guryul Ravine (Kashmir, India) and a comparison with other North Indian passive margin sections

Palaeoenvironments and elemental geochemistry across the marine Permo‐Triassic boundary section, Guryul Ravine (Kashmir, India) and a comparison with other North Indian passive margin sections

Diversity, Abundance, Spatial Variation, and Human Impacts in Marine Meiobenthic Nematode and Copepod Communities at Casey Station, East Antarctica

Fractionation Trends and Variability of Rare Earth Elements and Selected Critical Metals in Pelagic Sediment from Abyssal Basin of NE Pacific (Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone)

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