Bariatric surgery decreases oxidative stress and protein glycosylation in patients with morbid obesity

Abstract

Background: There is growing evidence that oxidative stress (OS) is a critical factor linking obesity with its associated comorbidities, such as cardiovascular diseases. Aim: To evaluate the degree of OS in people with morbid obesity and its relationship with glycoproteins, determined using 1H-NMR spectroscopy, before and after bariatric surgery (BS). Methods: In this observational cohort study, plasma from 24 patients with BMI ≥ 40 kg/m 2 (age: 21-65 years) was used to measure metabolites implicated in OS. We measured glycoprotein (GlycA, GlycB and GlycF) areas and shape factors (H/W = height/width). Results: One year after BS, oxidized low-density lipoprotein had decreased by 49% (P < .0001), malondialdehyde by 32% (P = .0019) and lipoprotein (a) by 21% (P = .0039). The antioxidant enzymes paraoxonase-1 and catalase increased after BS (43%, P < .0001 and 54%, P = .0002, respectively). Superoxide dismutase-2 had fallen 1 year after BS (32%, P = .0052). After BS, both the glycoprotein areas and shape factors decreased by 20%-26%. These glycoproteins were significantly correlated with OS parameters. The plasma atherogenic index was 63% higher in obese individuals than 1 year after BS and correlated positively with glycoproteins. Conclusion: For the first time, we here demonstrate the relationship between OS parameters and glycoproteins in people with morbid obesity. So glycoproteins could therefore be a good indicator, together with the oxidative state to assess patient prognosis after BS.

The Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Circulating Levels of Oxidized Low‐Density Lipoproteins Is Apparently Independent of Changes in Body Mass Index: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

“…Furthermore, bariatric surgery may be a useful therapy for people who have cardiovascular risk factors [37]. Also, bariatric surgery decreases oxidative stress parameters and glycoproteins and increases antioxidant enzymes paraoxonase-1 and catalase as well, which supports the idea that this procedure decreases oxidation of lipoproteins thus having antiatherogenic effects [34,35].…”

“…However, there was significant association between the changes in ox-LDL after bariatric surgery and percentage of BMI change. Some authors have tried to explain the beneficial effect of bariatric surgery on ASCVD by decreasing not only body weight, oxysterols, and ox-LDL but also by decreasing plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), which is elevated in extremely obese patients and by decreased proliferation of vasa vasorum [35]. Bariatric surgery is a well-documented technique for weight loss can have numerous favorable con-sequences, such as rise in GLP-1 and its potential function in the metabolism including remission of T2DM [36].…”

“Obesity and Insulin Resistance” Is the Component of the Metabolic Syndrome Most Strongly Associated with Oxidative Stress

“…Eight weeks of caloric restriction was shown to be associated with a decrease in blood myeloperoxidase activity and an increase in SOD activity [ 32 ]. It has also been documented that in patients with morbid obesity, OS is reduced after bariatric surgery [ 33 , 34 ]. On the other hand, a study involving obese young women treated for infertility lifestyle modification did not cause any significant change in OS assessed by fasting serum-free thiols concentration [ 35 ].…”

The Effect of Lifestyle Intervention on Systemic Oxidative Stress in Women with Obesity and Infertility: A Post-Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial

“…A recent observational cohort first demonstrated that bariatric surgery decreases OS in patients with morbid obesity [ 34 ]. In that study, 24 patients with a BMI ≥ 40 kg/m 2 (mean BMI: 44.0 ± 7.03 kg/m 2 ) before BS were included.…”