Bariatric Endocrinology: Principles of Medical Practice

González-Campoy, J. Michael; Richardson, Bruce; Richardson, Conor; Gonzalez-Cameron, David; Ebrahim, Ayesha; Strobel, Pamela; Martínez, T. Cordal; Blaha, Beth; Ransom, Maria; Quinonez-Weislow, Jessica; Pierson, A; Ahumada, M

doi:10.1155/2014/917813

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…Energy homeostasis is centrally regulated within the central nervous system (CNS), with peripheral inputs and outputs (see Figure 2). 27 Communication within and between the central and peripheral systems occurs via afferent and efferent signaling involving endocrine and other effectors. The CNS relies on long‐ (tonic) and short‐term (episodic) peripheral inputs to obtain information regarding the state of EI (nutrients) and ES (body composition).…”

Section: Components Of the Energy Balance Homeostasis Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal programming of human energy homeostasis brain networks: Issues and considerations

et al. 2021

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Summary In this paper, we present a transdisciplinary framework and testable hypotheses regarding the process of fetal programming of energy homeostasis brain circuitry. Our model proposes that key aspects of energy homeostasis brain circuitry already are functional by the time of birth (with substantial interindividual variation); that this phenotypic variation at birth is an important determinant of subsequent susceptibility for energy imbalance and childhood obesity risk; and that this brain circuitry exhibits developmental plasticity, in that it is influenced by conditions during intrauterine life, particularly maternal–placental–fetal endocrine, immune/inflammatory, and metabolic processes and their upstream determinants. We review evidence that supports the scientific premise for each element of this formulation, identify future research directions, particularly recent advances that may facilitate a better quantification of the ontogeny of energy homeostasis brain networks, highlight animal and in vitro‐based approaches that may better address the determinants of interindividual variation in energy homeostasis brain networks, and discuss the implications of this formulation for the development of strategies targeted towards the primary prevention of childhood obesity.

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Section: Components Of the Energy Balance Homeostasis Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal programming of human energy homeostasis brain networks: Issues and considerations

et al. 2021

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“…Studies on 33 patients for 12 months after RYGB found that those who had a good weight loss response had a higher degree of ghrelin suppression compared to poor responders. However, not all studies have been able to replicate a suppressant effect of RYGB on ghrelin in human or animal work [82,83]. Interestingly, sleeve gastrectomy may decrease circulating acylated ghrelin concentrations, possibly due to the removal of ghrelin--producing cells in the stomach [84].…”

Section: Anorexigenic and Orexigenic Gut Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endokrynne implikacje otyłości i zabiegów bariatrycznych

Dyaczyński

Scanes

Koziec

et al. 2018

Endokrynologia Polska

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Obesity is a highly prevalent disease in the world associated with the disorders of endocrine system. Recently, it may be concluded that the only effective treatment of obesity remains bariatric surgery. The aim of the review was to compare the concepts of appetite hormonal regulation, reasons of obesity development and bariatric procedures published over the last decade. The reviewed publications had been chosen on the base on: 1. reasons and endocrine consequences of obesity; 2. development of surgery methods from the first bariatric to present and future less aggressive procedures; 3. impact of surgery on the endocrine status of patient. The most serious endocrine disturbances during obesity are dysfunctions of hypothalamic circuits responsible for appetite regulation, insulin resistance, changes in hormones activity and abnormal activity of adipocytes hormones. The currently recommended bariatric surgeries are Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy and adjustable gastric banding. Bariatric surgical procedures, particularly combination of restrictive and malabsorptive, decrease the body weight and eliminate several but not all components of metabolic syndrome. Conclusions: 1. Hunger and satiety are mediated by an interplay of nervous and endocrine signals. 2. Healthy adipose tissue secretion of adipokines is coordinated in an anti-inflammatory, insulin-sensitizing and cardioprotective pattern. However, with increasing fat mass this secretion pattern is changed into a proinflammatory, insulin resistant, atherogenic and fatal systemic environment. 3. Bariatric surgery is not a solution of the obesity problem for everyone. 4. Long term postsurgical observations of the hormonal profile changes are necessary and should be obligatory.

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“…However, bariatric surgery has different effects on body weight and calcium absorption. It significantly reduces body weight but also affects the absorption of micronutrients, including calcium [17,18]. There is emerging evidence showed that secondary hyperparathyroidism is a common consequence of bariatric surgery [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The predictive role of parathyroid hormone for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease based on invasive and non-invasive findings in candidates of bariatric surgery

et al. 2021

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Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatic fibrosis are the most detrimental hepatic abnormalities associated with increased body weight with devastating clinical outcomes. Therefore, there is a substantial necessity for efficient management strategies, including significant weight reduction.Bariatric surgery has been used as a therapeutic approach in a selected obese patient with NAFLD/NASH and other cardiometabolic comorbidities. Purpose:The study is focused on the predictive role of PTH with the indices of hepatic steatosis/ NAFLD and NASH based on liver biopsy, elastography and sonography in morbidly obese patients.Methods: Ninety patients with BMI between 35 and 40 kg/m2 with more than two comorbidities who referred to Imam Reza outpatient clinic from December 2016 to September 2017 were recruited and underwent initial assessments, including demographic profiles, psychological assessment, anthropometric measurements, hepatic biopsy, and basic laboratory tests. Liver stiffness was evaluated using two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) at least 2-weeks before liver biopsy. The histological analysis of the liver was performed using biopsy samples which obtained from left hepatic lobe during bariatric surgery under direct surgeon observation using a 16-gauge Tru-cut needle. The study was approved by the ethical committee (IR.MUMS.fm. REC.1396.312). Results:The level of PTH was significantly high in patients with positive histology for hepatic fibrosis, steatosis and NASH/NAFLD compared to patients with negative histology (p=0.005, p=0.009 and p=0.013, respectively). Also, patients with liver fibrosis confirmed by elastography had significantly higher serum PTH concentration than patients without fibrosis (p=0.011). PTH was also positively correlated with hepatic fibrosis, NASH, and steatosis (p=0.007, p=0.012, p=0.023. respectively). Conclusion:High levels of PTH was significantly associated with histological indices of (hepatic fibrosis, steatosis, NAFLD and NASH) and elasticity indices. Therefore, it is imperative to assess for high levels of PTH in the morbidly obese population pre-and post-bariatric surgery. However, for a more robust and comprehensive assessment, a randomised controlled trial is needed.The study was conducted in accordance with the practice guidance in the diagnosis and management of NAFLD from the American association for the study of liver disease (AASLD) 2018 .Level III: Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies.

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Bariatric Endocrinology: Principles of Medical Practice

Cited by 15 publications

References 126 publications

Fetal programming of human energy homeostasis brain networks: Issues and considerations

Fetal programming of human energy homeostasis brain networks: Issues and considerations

Endokrynne implikacje otyłości i zabiegów bariatrycznych

The predictive role of parathyroid hormone for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease based on invasive and non-invasive findings in candidates of bariatric surgery

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