1993
DOI: 10.2307/2951644
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Bargaining with Deadlines and Imperfect Player Control

Abstract: Anecdotal and experimental evidence suggests that bargaining sessions subject to deadlines often begin with cheap talk and rejected proposals. Agreements, if they are reached at all, tend to be concluded near the deadline. We attempt to capture and explain these phenomena in a strategic bargaining model that incorporates a bargaining deadline, the possibility of strategic delay, and a lack of perfect player control over the timing of offers. Imperfect player control is generated by an exogenous uniformly-distr… Show more

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Cited by 79 publications
(51 citation statements)
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References 11 publications
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“…To hedge against this risk, they may have incentives to place orders somewhat before the very end of the period. This is reminiscent of the experimental and theoretical analysis of the impact of deadline effects and the risk of communication breakdown on bargaining strategies by Roth, Murnighan, and Schoumaker (1988) and Ma and Manove (1993). By using field data, we attempt to shed light on these effects in actual markets.…”
Section: B the Learning Hypothesismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To hedge against this risk, they may have incentives to place orders somewhat before the very end of the period. This is reminiscent of the experimental and theoretical analysis of the impact of deadline effects and the risk of communication breakdown on bargaining strategies by Roth, Murnighan, and Schoumaker (1988) and Ma and Manove (1993). By using field data, we attempt to shed light on these effects in actual markets.…”
Section: B the Learning Hypothesismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We follow the approach of Ma and Manove (1993), who through an iterative process find increasingly tight upper and lower bounds on players' expected SPE payoffs in their game, and subsequently show that in the limit these bounds coincide. In contrast, Ambrus and Lu construct for each player two SPE-one yielding the supremum, the other the infimum of that player's expected SPE payoff-and use this to set up 2n equations with supremum and infimum SPE expected payoffs as the 2n unknowns; solving these equations, they find that these suprema and infima coincide, and are as specified in the theorem.…”
Section: E (λ+R )T When She Is the Proposer At Time T And (λ I /(λ +mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In some settings, the possible explanation of the "11th hour effect" appears straightforward. When the profit to be divided does not decrease over time, the outcome predicted by game theory is determined by the anticipated behaviour of players in the last period: the last proposer may hope to ripe (almost) all the benefits by making an ultimatum offer (Ma and Manove, 1993). Starting from the final round of the game and working back to the first period reveals that the subgame perfect equilibrium gives virtually all the pie to the last proposer.…”
Section: The Negotiation Frameworkmentioning
confidence: 99%