To study the archery culture based on the particle swarm algorithm, the dissemination mode of external intelligence is differentiated. Firstly, the algorithm based on a particle swarm is introduced, and the external intelligence dissemination mode is distributed. Then, taking the spread of archery as the research object, mainly using questionnaires and other methods, from the perspectives of intelligent differentiation, organizational communication, and mass communication, we investigated and analyzed the dissemination activities of archery. Finally, the relevant countermeasures to promote the spread and development of archery are summarized and put forward. The experimental results show the following: the process of interpersonal communication of archery has the characteristics of many channels of information transmission, flexible methods, and strong interaction; the leadership of elite archers and the interpersonal communication of archery played a good role in promoting. Dissemination of external intelligence and mass dissemination, in the process of human-to-human communication of archery, have the same significance.